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Developing Benchmarks For Prior Learning Assessment: The Case For Nurse Education

机译：制定事先学习评估基准：护士教育案例

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This report discusses the results of a benchmarking study that examined how prior learning assessment (PLA) is conducted within UK nursing faculty and discusses how this might impact on the career of the PLA practitioner. A screening survey was administered to 66 UK Schools of Nursing. This initial survey identified a cohort of 22 experts and 12 novices from 34 Schools of Nursing who were actively involved in the practice of PLA. This cohort was subjected to a benchmarking survey to determine whether their practice complied, or did not comply, with international benchmarks for PLA. Respondents were asked to justify their responses by making additional written comments. These comments were further explored using focus group and depth interviews in order to identify emergent themes and categories, which were then subjected to analysis using modified grounded theory. This enabled the researcher to identify factors influencing PLA practice and how these might shape the career of the PLA practitioner. Methods of assessment were also identified - when optimal resources are available, the PLA practitioner usually adopts an assessment method that is based on the individual needs of learners, rather than the administrative requirements of the institution. These methods are holistic. They are also inclusive, rather than exclusive, or specific to, a competency or developmental approach to PLA. Finally, the importance of "bottom up" rather than "top down" or institutional approaches is justified as a mechanism for PLA policy development and the importance of emerging benchmarks in supporting the career life cycle of the PLA practitioner is also discussed.
机译：本报告讨论了基准研究的结果，该研究检查了英国护理学院如何进行事前学习评估（PLA），并讨论了这可能对解放军从业者的职业产生怎样的影响。对66所英国护理学校进行了一项筛选调查。这项初步调查确定了来自34个护理学院的22名专家和12名新手，他们积极参与了PLA的实践。该队列接受了基准调查，以确定他们的实践是否符合或不符合PLA的国际基准。要求受访者通过发表其他书面评论来证明自己的回答合理。使用焦点小组访谈和深度访谈进一步探讨了这些评论，以识别出现的主题和类别，然后使用改进的扎根理论对其进行分析。这使研究人员能够确定影响PLA实践的因素以及这些因素如何影响PLA从业者的职业生涯。还确定了评估方法-当有最佳资源可用时，解放军从业人员通常会采用一种基于学习者的个人需求而不是该机构的行政要求的评估方法。这些方法是整体的。它们对于PLA的能力或发展方法也具有包容性，而不是排他性或专有性。最后，“自下而上”而不是“自上而下”或机构方法的重要性被认为是解放军政策制定的一种机制，并且还讨论了新兴基准对支持解放军从业者生命周期的重要性。

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