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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Experimental Agriculture >The Importance of Legumes in the Ethiopian Farming System and Overall Economy: An Overview
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The Importance of Legumes in the Ethiopian Farming System and Overall Economy: An Overview

机译：豆科植物在埃塞俄比亚农业体系和整体经济中的重要性：概述

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摘要

Crops, livestock and trees are major components of farming systems in Ethiopia. Crop production is dominant in Ethiopian agriculture as well as in the farming system. Legumes are among the various crops produced in all regions of the country in different volumes after cereals. More than twelve legume species are grown in the country. Pulses production by volume has been increased by 71.92% for the duration of nearly 20 years and with a growth rate of 3.78% per annum. Area coverage by pulse crops for the same period grown by 53% with a growth rate of 3% per year. Total pulses grain yield, which is volume of production per unit area, showed good increment from 8.79 quintals per hectare in the cropping year 1994/1995 to 14.76 quintals per hectare in 2012/2013 cropping season. However, it is much lower compared to the potential demonstrated in research managed fields. Legumes have multiple uses. Grain legumes provide food and feed and facilitate soil nutrient management. Herbaceous and tree legumes can restore soil fertility and prevent land degradation while improving crop and livestock productivity sustainably. The pulse industry in the country has developed significantly with little intervention, and great potential exists to increase the production and impact of pulses through proactive and targeted support. The role that Ethiopia now plays in the international pulse market can be attributed to significant growth rates in pulse production over the last nearly 20 years. However, bunch of constraints and considerable gaps lean the legumes along the value-chain from production to marketing and utilization. The country needs to target the constraints and gaps to optimize the importance of legumes in the farming system and economy of the country.
机译：作物，牲畜和树木是埃塞俄比亚农业系统的主要组成部分。作物生产在埃塞俄比亚农业以及耕作系统中占主导地位。除谷物外，豆类是该国所有地区生产的各种作物之一。该国种植了十二种以上的豆科植物。在近20年的时间里，豆类的产量增长了71.92％，年增长率为3.78％。同期豆类作物的覆盖面积增长了53％，年增长率为3％。总豆类单产为单位面积的产量，从1994/1995种植年度的每公顷8.79 quintals增至2012/2013种植季节的每公顷14.76 quintals，表现出良好的增长。但是，与研究管理领域所展示的潜力相比，它要低得多。豆类有多种用途。谷物豆类提供食物和饲料，并促进土壤养分管理。草本和豆科植物可以恢复土壤肥力，防止土地退化，同时可持续地提高农作物和牲畜的生产力。该国的豆类工业发展迅速，几乎没有干预，通过积极主动和有针对性的支持，存在巨大的潜力来增加豆类的产量和影响。埃塞俄比亚目前在国际豆类市场中所扮演的角色可以归因于过去近20年中豆类产量的大幅增长。但是，从生产到营销和利用的价值链中，一堆束限制和巨大的差距使豆类趋于倾斜。该国需要针对限制因素和差距，以优化豆类在该国农业体系和经济中的重要性。

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