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A Framework to Evaluate Wildlife Feeding in Research, Wildlife Management, Tourism and Recreation

机译：评估研究，野生生物管理，旅游和娱乐活动中野生动物摄食的框架

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Simple Summary Human feeding of wildlife is a world-wide phenomenon with very diverse effects on conservation, animal welfare and public safety. From a review of the motivations, types and consequences of wildlife feeding, an evaluative framework is presented to assist policy-makers, educators and managers to make ethical- and biologically-based decisions about the appropriateness of feeding wildlife in the context of research, wildlife management, tourism and recreation. Abstract Feeding of wildlife occurs in the context of research, wildlife management, tourism and in opportunistic ways. A review of examples shows that although feeding is often motivated by good intentions, it can lead to problems of public safety and conservation and be detrimental to the welfare of the animals. Examples from British Columbia illustrate the problems (nuisance animal activity, public safety risk) and consequences (culling, translocation) that often arise from uncontrolled feeding. Three features of wildlife feeding can be distinguished: the feasibility of control, the effects on conservation and the effects on animal welfare. An evaluative framework incorporating these three features was applied to examples of feeding from the literature. The cases of feeding for research and management purposes were generally found to be acceptable, while cases of feeding for tourism or opportunistic feeding were generally unacceptable. The framework should allow managers and policy-makers to distinguish acceptable from unacceptable forms of wildlife feeding as a basis for policy, public education and enforcement. Many harmful forms of wildlife feeding seem unlikely to change until they come to be seen as socially unacceptable.
机译：简单总结人类以野生生物为食是一种世界性的现象，对保护，动物福利和公共安全具有非常不同的影响。通过对野生动物摄食的动机，类型和后果的回顾，提出了一个评估框架，以帮助政策制定者，教育者和管理者就研究，野生动植物的摄食适宜性做出基于伦理和生物学的决策管理，旅游和娱乐。摘要野生生物的饲养发生在研究，野生生物管理，旅游业和机会主义的背景下。实例回顾表明，尽管喂养通常是出于良好的意愿，但它可能导致公共安全和保护问题，并损害动物的福利。不列颠哥伦比亚省的例子说明了由于不加控制的喂养而经常引起的问题（讨厌的动物活动，公共安全风险）和后果（淘汰，易位）。可以区分野生动物饲养的三个特征：控制的可行性，对保护的影响以及对动物福利的影响。结合了这三个特征的评估框架被应用于文献中的喂养实例。人们普遍认为，出于研究和管理目的而进食的情况是可以接受的，而对于旅游业或机会性进食的情况则通常是不可接受的。该框架应允许管理人员和决策者将可接受和不可接受的野生动物饲养形式区分开来，以此作为政策，公众教育和执法的基础。在被人们视为社会不可接受之前，许多有害的野生动植物取食形式似乎不太可能改变。

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