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首页> 外文期刊>Agronomy >The Effect of Community-Based Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Abundance and Diversity of Soil Macroinvertebrates in the Northern Highlands of Ethiopia
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The Effect of Community-Based Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Abundance and Diversity of Soil Macroinvertebrates in the Northern Highlands of Ethiopia

机译：社区水土保持措施对埃塞俄比亚北部高地土壤大型无脊椎动物的丰度和多样性的影响

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摘要

Soil and water conservation (SWC) practices in the northern highlands of Ethiopia have important implications for land restoration and biodiversity recovery. The present study determined soil macroinvertebrate (SMI) abundance and diversity in response to spatial conditions i.e., generated by different conservation practices, soil depth, and temporal seasonality with the wet and dry season. The SWC practices considered were exclosure + terrace, exclosure alone, terraces, and non-conserved grazing lands. Each SWC measure was selected in three sites that were considered as replications due to low heterogeneity in terms of human and livestock disturbances and biophysical factors. Soil macroinvertebrates were collected using a monolith according to tropical soil biology and fertility (TSBF) method. The highest density (55%) of SMI was found in exclosures followed by terraces 26%. Non-conserved communal grazing lands account for only 19% of the total. Shannon diversity index was significantly ( P 0.05) higher (1.21) in the exclosures supported with terraces and the lowest (0.9) was observed in the non-conserved communal grazing lands. Diversity was also significantly ( P 0.05) higher (1.26) in wet than dry season (0.70). The highest (41%) Sorensen similarity index among SMI was found between exclosures with terraces and exclosures alone during the wet season. The lowest (20%) Sorensen similarity index was found between terraces alone and exclosures with terraces in dry season. Soil macroinvertebrate abundance was higher in upper (0–10 cm) than lower (10–20 and 20–30 cm) soil depth. Soil macroinvertebrate abundance was positively and strongly correlated with soil moisture (R 2 = 0.85) and soil organic carbon stock (R 2 = 0.95). However, it was negatively (R 2 = ?0.71) correlated with bulk density. Generally, the abundance and diversity of SMI increased as exclosures and communal grazing lands are supported with terraces.
机译：埃塞俄比亚北部高地的水土保持（SWC）做法对土地恢复和生物多样性恢复具有重要意义。本研究确定了土壤宏观无脊椎动物（SMI）的丰度和多样性，以响应空间条件，即由不同的保护措施，土壤深度和干湿季节的季节性所产生的空间条件。所考虑的SWC做法是排泄+梯田，仅排泄，梯田和非自然放牧地。由于在人畜干扰和生物物理因素方面的异质性较低，因此在三个地点选择了每个SWC指标，这些地点被视为重复指标。根据热带土壤生物学和肥力（TSBF）方法，使用整料收集土壤大型无脊椎动物。 SMI的最高密度（55％）出现在斜坡上，其次是梯田26％。非保护性公共牧场仅占总数的19％。在梯田支持的棚屋中，香农多样性指数显着较高（P <0.05）（1.21），而在非保护性公共牧场上则最低（0.9）。雨季的多样性也比旱季的（0.70）高（1.26）（P <0.05）。在湿季，SMI中的Sorensen相似指数最高（41％），其中有阶地的露头和单独的露头之间。在干燥季节，仅阶地和阶地之间的索伦森相似性指数最低（20％）。上部（0–10 cm）的土壤大型无脊椎动物的丰度高于下部（10–20和20–30 cm）的土壤深度。土壤大型无脊椎动物的丰度与土壤水分（R 2 = 0.85）和土壤有机碳储量（R 2 = 0.95）呈正相关关系。但是，它与堆积密度呈负相关（R 2 =α0.71）。通常，随着梯田的支持，排泄物和公共放牧地带会增加SMI的丰富度和多样性。

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