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首页> 外文期刊>Anthropological Review >Comparison of maxillary first molar occlusal outlines of Neandertals from the Meuse River Basin of Belgium using elliptical Fourier analysis
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Comparison of maxillary first molar occlusal outlines of Neandertals from the Meuse River Basin of Belgium using elliptical Fourier analysis

机译：比利时默兹河流域尼安德特人上颌第一磨牙咬合轮廓的椭圆傅立叶分析比较

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Several Neandertals derive from the karstic caves of the Meuse river tributaries of Belgium, including Engis 2, Scladina 4A-4 and Spy 1. These may form a group that is distinct in maxillary first molar occlusal outlines compared to La Quina 5 from Southwest France. Alternatively, chronological differences may separate individuals given that Scladina 4A-4 from MIS 5 is older than the others from MIS 3. Neolithic samples (n = 42) from Belgium (Maurenne Caverne de la Cave, Hastière Caverne M, Hastière Trou Gar?on, Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame) dated to 4.6–3.9 kyr provide a context for the Neandertals. Dental casts were prepared from dental impressions of the original maxillary molars. Crown and occlusal areas as well as mesiodistal lengths were measured by calibrated Motic 3.0 microscope cameras. Occlusal outlines of the casts were captured through photostereomicroscopy and non-landmark smooth tracing methods. Occlusal outlines were processed using elliptical Fourier analysis within SHAPE v1.3 which reduced amplitudes of the harmonics into principal components (PC) axes. The first two PC axes group the Neandertals, although Scladina 4A-4 falls nearly outside the convex hull for the Neolithic sample. Neandertals are imperfectly separated from the Neolithic sample on PC3 and PC4, and completely distinct on PC5 and PC6. Scladina 4A-4 differs from the other Neandertals on most PC axes. Chronology may best explain the separation of Scladina 4A-4 from the more recent fossils, and particularly Spy 1 and La Quina 5 which are the most similar in maxillary first molar occlusal outline shape.
机译：几个尼安德特人起源于比利时的默兹河支流的岩溶洞穴，包括Engis 2，Scladina 4A-4和Spy1。与法国西南部的La Quina 5相比，这些人在上颌第一磨牙咬合轮廓上可能是不同的。或者，由于来自MIS 5的Scladina 4A-4比来自MIS 3的其他人年龄大，因此按时间顺序的不同可能会将个体分开。来自比利时的新石器时代样本（n = 42）（莫里恩·卡韦恩·德拉·凯夫，哈斯提尔·卡弗琳·M，哈斯提尔·特鲁·加隆，Sclaigneaux和Bois Madame）（日期为4.6-3.9吉尔）为尼安德特人提供了背景。从原始上颌磨牙的牙齿印模制备牙科铸件。通过校准的Motic 3.0显微镜相机测量牙冠和牙合区域以及近中坚长度。铸件的咬合轮廓是通过光学显微镜和非地标平滑描画方法捕获的。在SHAPE v1.3中使用椭圆傅立叶分析处理了咬合轮廓，从而将谐波的幅度减小到主成分（PC）轴中。前两个PC轴将尼安德特人分组，尽管Scladina 4A-4几乎落在新石器时代样品的凸包之外。尼安德特人在PC3和PC4上与新石器时代的样品不完全分离，在PC5和PC6上完全不同。 Scladina 4A-4在大多数PC轴上与其他尼安德特人不同。年代学可能最能解释Scladina 4A-4与最新化石的分离，尤其是在上颌第一磨牙咬合轮廓形状上最相似的Spy 1和La Quina 5。

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