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首页> 外文期刊>Anthropological Review >Body composition and physical performance of Slovak Ice hockey players with different training approach during pre-season preparation
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Body composition and physical performance of Slovak Ice hockey players with different training approach during pre-season preparation

机译：季前准备期间采用不同训练方法的斯洛伐克冰球运动员的身体成分和身体表现

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The pre-season preparation aim is to improve the components of physical performance through the changes in training intensity, gradual increment in volume, variation in training frequency and optimizing the body composition. The problem in team sports is the lack of individualization, because most coaches in team sports focus their training on the group and not on improving each player’s strengths and weaknesses. The aim of this study is to identify differences in the body composition and physical performance of young ice-hockey players (15-18 years) with different pre-season training approaches (collective vs. individual). This longitudinal study monitored 13 ice-hockey players with collective training and 8 ice-hockey players with individual training during their pre-season preparation. Body composition was measured by bioimpedance analyzer BIA 101 (Akern, S.R.L.) and the Myotest PRO determined player physical performance in power, force and velocity. Performance and body composition comparisons showed gradual increase in the differences between the two studied groups during the training process. This increase escalated to significant differences in the final output test results and was especially noted in the upper limbs power and force ( p =0.016; p <0.001) and lower limbs power and force ( p =0.029; p =0.001) with better performance results by individual training approach. Stepwise linear regression also showed significant relationship between upper limbs power, resistance ( p <0.001) and fat mass ( p <0.001). The upper limbs force was significantly associated with intra-cellular ( p <0.001) and extra-cellular water ( p =0.026), body cell mass index ( p <0.001), basal metabolic rate ( p <0.001) and training approach ( p <0.001), while the lower limbs power was significantly associated with total body water ( p <0.001), training approach ( p =0.033) and the pre-season preparation phase ( p <0.001). In addition, the training approach ( p <0.001), preparation phase ( p <0.001), player position ( p =0.012) and fat free mass ( p <0.001) were significantly associated with lowers limb force. Our results indicate the importance of using an individual training approach and optimal body composition in physical performance progression.
机译：季前准备的目的是通过改变训练强度，逐渐增加音量，改变训练频率并优化身体组成来改善身体机能的各个组成部分。团队运动中的问题是缺乏个性化，因为大多数团队运动中的教练都将训练重点放在团队上，而不是在提高每个球员的长处和短处。这项研究的目的是确定采用不同的季前训练方法（集体与个人）的年轻冰上曲棍球运动员（15-18岁）的身体成分和身体表现的差异。这项纵向研究监测了13名接受过集体训练的冰球运动员和8名接受过个人训练的冰球运动员在赛前准备期间的情况。身体组成通过生物阻抗分析仪BIA 101（Akern，S.R.L.）进行测量，而Myotest PRO确定运动员在力量，力量和速度上的身体表现。表现和身体成分比较显示，在训练过程中，两个研究组之间的差异逐渐增加。这种增加逐步升级为最终输出测试结果的显着差异，尤其在表现更好的上肢力量和力量（p = 0.016; p <0.001）和下肢力量和力量（p = 0.029; p = 0.001）中尤为明显通过个人培训方法得出的结果。逐步线性回归还显示上肢力量，抵抗力（p <0.001）和脂肪量（p <0.001）之间存在显着关系。上肢力量与细胞内（p <0.001）和细胞外水（p = 0.026），体细胞质量指数（p <0.001），基础代谢率（p <0.001）和训练方法（p <0.001），而下肢力量与体内总水量（p <0.001），训练方法（p = 0.033）和赛季前准备阶段（p <0.001）显着相关。此外，训练方法（p <0.001），准备阶段（p <0.001），运动员位置（p = 0.012）和无脂肪质量（p <0.001）与下肢力量显着相关。我们的结果表明，在身体表现的进步中使用个体训练方法和最佳身体成分的重要性。

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