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Foreign Body Infection Models to Study Host-Pathogen Response and Antimicrobial Tolerance of Bacterial Biofilm

机译：异物感染模型，以研究细菌生物膜的宿主病原体反应和抗菌素耐受性

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The number of implanted medical devices is steadily increasing and has become an effective intervention improving life quality, but still carries the risk of infection. These infections are mainly caused by biofilm-forming staphylococci that are difficult to treat due to the decreased susceptibility to both antibiotics and host defense mechanisms. To understand the particular pathogenesis and treatment tolerance of implant-associated infection (IAI) animal models that closely resemble human disease are needed. Applications of the tissue cage and catheter abscess foreign body infection models in the mouse will be discussed herein. Both models allow the investigation of biofilm and virulence of various bacterial species and a comprehensive insight into the host response at the same time. They have also been proven to serve as very suitable tools to study the anti-adhesive and anti-infective efficacy of different biomaterial coatings. The tissue cage model can additionally be used to determine pharmacokinetics, efficacy and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial compounds as the tissue cage fluid can be aspirated repeatedly without the need to sacrifice the animal. Moreover, with the advance in innovative imaging systems in rodents, these models may offer new diagnostic measures of infection. In summary, animal foreign body infection models are important tools in the development of new antimicrobials against IAI and can help to elucidate the complex interactions between bacteria, the host immune system, and prosthetic materials.
机译：植入的医疗设备数量在稳步增长，已成为改善生活质量的有效干预措施，但仍然存在感染的风险。这些感染主要是由形成生物膜的葡萄球菌引起的，由于对抗生素和宿主防御机制的敏感性降低，难以治疗。为了了解特定的发病机制和对植入物相关感染（IAI）的耐受性，需要非常类似于人类疾病的动物模型。本文将讨论组织笼和导管脓肿异物感染模型在小鼠中的应用。两种模型都可以研究各种细菌物种的生物膜和毒力，同时可以全面了解宿主的反应。它们也已被证明是非常合适的工具，用于研究不同生物材料涂层的抗粘连和抗感染功效。组织笼模型还可以用于确定抗微生物化合物的药代动力学，功效和细胞毒性，因为可以重复抽吸组织笼液而无需牺牲动物。此外，随着啮齿动物中创新成像系统的发展，这些模型可能会为感染提供新的诊断手段。总之，动物异物感染模型是开发针对IAI的新型抗菌剂的重要工具，并且可以帮助阐明细菌，宿主免疫系统和假体材料之间的复杂相互作用。

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