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>Preparation of cotton linter nanowhiskers by high-pressure homogenization process and its application in thermoplastic starch
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Preparation of cotton linter nanowhiskers by high-pressure homogenization process and its application in thermoplastic starch
The present work deals with the preparation of cotton linter nanowhiskers (CLNW) by acid hydrolysis and subsequent processing in a high-pressure homogenizer. Prepared CLNW were then used as a reinforcing material in thermoplastic starch (TPS), with an aim to improve its performance properties. Concentration of CLNW was varied as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5?wt% in TPS. TPS/CLNW nanocomposite films were prepared by solution-casting process. The nanocomposite films were characterized by tensile, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water vapor permeability (WVP), oxygen permeability (OP), X-ray diffraction and light transmittance properties. 3?wt% CLNW-loaded TPS nanocomposite films demonstrated 88?% improvement in the tensile strength as compared to the pristine TPS polymer film; whereas, WVP and OP decreased by 90 and 92?%, respectively, which is highly appreciable compared to the quantity of CLNW added. DSC thermograms of nanocomposite films did not show any significant effect on melting temperature as compared to the pristine TPS. Light transmittance ( T r) value of TPS decreased with increased content of CLNW. Better interaction between CLNW and TPS, caused due to the hydrophilic nature of both the materials, and uniform distribution of CLNW in TPS were the prime reason for the improvement in properties observed at 3?wt% loading of CLNW in TPS. However, CLNW was seen to have formed agglomerates at higher concentration as determined from SEM analysis. These nanocomposite films can have potential use in food and pharmaceutical packaging applications.
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机译：本工作涉及通过酸水解制备棉短绒纳米晶须（CLNW），然后在高压均质机中进行后续加工。然后将制备的CLNW用作热塑性淀粉（TPS）的增强材料，目的是改善其性能。在TPS中，CLNW的浓度变化为0、1、2、3、4和5wt％。通过溶液流延法制备了TPS / CLNW纳米复合薄膜。通过拉伸，差示扫描量热法，扫描电子显微镜（SEM），水蒸气透过率（WVP），氧透过率（OP），X射线衍射和透光率特性来表征纳米复合膜。与原始TPS聚合物薄膜相比，3wt％的CLNW负载TPS纳米复合薄膜的拉伸强度提高了88％。而WVP和OP分别降低了90％和92％，这与CLNW的添加量相比非常可观。与原始TPS相比，纳米复合膜的DSC热分析图对熔融温度没有显示任何显着影响。随着CLNW含量的增加，TPS的透光率（T r ）值降低。由于两种材料都具有亲水性，因此CLNW与TPS之间的相互作用更好，并且CLNW在TPS中的分布均匀，这是在CLPS中加入3wt％CLNW时观察到的性能提高的主要原因。然而，据SEM分析确定，CLNW在较高浓度下已形成附聚物。这些纳米复合膜可以在食品和药品包装应用中潜在使用。
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