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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Sciences >A Kinematic Model to Compensate the Structural Deformations in Machine Tools Using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensors
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A Kinematic Model to Compensate the Structural Deformations in Machine Tools Using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensors

机译：使用光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器补偿机床结构变形的运动学模型

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摘要

Structural deformations are one of the most significant factors that affects machine tool (MT) positioning accuracy. These induced errors are complex for accurate representation by a model, nevertheless they need to be evaluated and predicted in order to increase the machining performance. This paper presents a novel approach to calibrate a machine tool in real-time, analyzing the thermo-mechanical errors through fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors embedded in the MT frame. The proposed configuration consists of an adaptronic structure of passive materials, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP), equipped with FBG sensors that are able to measure in real-time the deformed conditions of the frame. By using a proper thermo-mechanical kinematic model, the displacement of the end effector may be predicted and corrected when it is subjected to external undesired factors. By starting from a set of Finite Element (FE) simulations to develop a model able to describe the MT structure stresses, a prototype has been fabricated and tested. The aim of this study was to compare the numerical model with the experimental tests using FBG sensors. The experimental campaign has been performed by varying the structure temperature over time and measuring the tool tip point (TTP) positions. The obtained results showed a substantial matching between the real and the predicted position of the TTP, thereby confirming the effectiveness of the proposed system.
机译：结构变形是影响机床（MT）定位精度的最重要因素之一。这些诱发的误差很复杂，无法通过模型精确表示，但是需要对其进行评估和预测，以提高加工性能。本文提出了一种实时校准机床的新颖方法，通过嵌入MT机架的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器分析热机械误差。提议的配置包括一种无源材料的适应性结构，即碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP），它配备了能够实时测量框架变形状况的FBG传感器。通过使用适当的热机械运动模型，当末端执行器受到外部不良因素的影响时，可以预测并校正该末端执行器的位移。通过从一组有限元（FE）模拟开始以开发能够描述MT结构应力的模型，已经制造并测试了原型。这项研究的目的是将数值模型与使用FBG传感器的实验测试进行比较。通过随时间改变结构温度并测量工具尖端（TTP）位置来进行实验。获得的结果表明TTP的实际位置和预测位置之间存在实质性的匹配，从而确认了所提出系统的有效性。

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