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首页> 外文期刊>Archaeological Discovery >Shallow Seismic Refraction, Two-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Imaging, and Ground Penetrating Radar for Imaging the Ancient Monuments at the Western Shore of Old Luxor City, Egypt
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Shallow Seismic Refraction, Two-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Imaging, and Ground Penetrating Radar for Imaging the Ancient Monuments at the Western Shore of Old Luxor City, Egypt

机译：浅层地震折射，二维电阻率成像和探地雷达，用于成像埃及卢克索老城西岸的古迹

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A combined near surface geophysical survey conducted in archaeological site at the western bank of Luxor area shows that, the geophysical methods offer the possibility to characterize and reconstruct the geometry of subsurface structures without destroying the deposits, providing a way to find solutions to the questions of archaeological or engineering significance. The two dimensional electrical imaging (R2D) and the shallow seismic refraction (SSR) techniques were carried out through twelve profiles measured across the study area in NW-SE directions with 5 m profile spacing. The interpretation of the 2-D resistivity imaging shows that there are two layers which are arranged from the top to the bottom as soil layer consists of weathered clay and its thickness varies between 3.82 m and 4 m; wetted clay and mud with depth varies from 25.3 m to 26.23 m and a massive body may composed of Alabaster, limestone or granite is present within the second layer. Following, the inverted 2-D models were merged to form a quasi-3D resistivity model which was visualized as depth slices. A high resistive anomalous feature was detected in successive depth slices. Moreover, analysis of shallow seismic data shows that, P-velocity ranges from 400 - 1350 m/sec whereas S-wave ranges from 280 - 460 m/sec. The massive body with high resistivity is detected and shows also a high velocity. Following a detailed Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) a survey was carried out to image the subsurface. 200 MHz antenna frequency was used on the survey. Inspection of the 2-D GPR profile shows the presence of hyperbolic anomalous features is present at a depth nearly 4 m. Moreover, three dimensional depth slices shows also the presence of an anomalous feature which appears at depth slices ranging from 3.5 m to 5 m. Finally, the interpreted geophysical results have been verified through archaeological direct excavation started by the Egyptian supreme council of Antiquities in cooperation with the European Commission working in the restoration project of Memnon’s and the Temple of Amenhotep III. They have found a body of Pharaonic statue, the statue has been known by the archaeologists as a statue of Queen Tie, wife of Amenhotep III and mother of Pharaoh Akhenaton unification, carved in Alabaster stone, and this result confirmed that the integrated geophysical method can be effectively contributed in the archaeological prospection in Egypt.
机译：在卢克索地区西岸的考古现场进行的近地表地球物理综合调查表明，地球物理方法为表征和重建地下结构的几何结构提供了可能，而又不破坏沉积物，为寻找解决方法提供了一种途径。具有考古或工程意义。二维电成像（R2D）和浅层地震折射（SSR）技术是通过在研究区域以NW-SE方向以5 m的轮廓间距测量的十二个轮廓进行的。对二维电阻率成像的解释表明，由于土壤层由风化粘土组成，其厚度在3.82 m至4 m之间变化，因此从上到下有两层。湿润的粘土和泥浆的深度在25.3 m至26.23 m之间变化，第二层中可能存在由雪花石膏，石灰石或花岗岩组成的块状物。接着，将倒置的二维模型合并以形成准3D电阻率模型，将其可视化为深度切片。在连续的深度切片中检测到高电阻异常特征。此外，对浅层地震数据的分析表明，P波的速度范围为400-1350 m / sec，而S波的范围为280-460 m / sec。具有高电阻率的块状体被检测到并且还显示出高速度。在详细的探地雷达（GPR）之后，进行了调查以对地下成像。调查使用200 MHz天线频率。对二维GPR剖面的检查表明，在近4 m的深度处存在双曲线异常特征。此外，三维深度切片还显示存在异常特征，该异常特征出现在范围为3.5 m至5 m的深度切片上。最终，埃及古物最高理事会与欧洲委员会合作开展了对门农和阿蒙霍特普三世神殿的修复工作，通过考古直接发掘，对解释的地球物理结果进行了验证。他们发现了一个法老雕像的尸体，该雕像被考古学家称为阿铁霍特三世的妻子，法老阿赫纳顿统一母亲的铁皇后雕像，并用雪花石膏石雕刻而成，这一结果证实了综合地球物理方法可以被有效地贡献于埃及的考古勘探。

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