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Benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in Lake Huron are linked to submerged groundwater vents

机译：休伦湖底栖大型无脊椎动物和鱼类群落与淹没的地下水喷口相连

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ABSTRACT: Groundwater can be an important source of nutrients and energy to aquatic ecosystems, but quantifying the inputs and biogeochemical importance remains challenging. A series of submerged groundwater vents in northern Lake Huron were examined to determine the linkage between groundwater nutrients and aquatic food webs. We collected samples of key food-web components from groundwater vent and reference habitats and analyzed them for 13C, 15N, and 34S isotopes. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the groundwater was depleted in 13C, while aqueous sulfate was enriched in 34S (mean differences between groundwater and reference sites were –3.9‰ and +12.0‰, respectively). Benthic primary producers, macroinvertebrates, and benthivorous fish had significantly lower δ13C values in groundwater environments, and benthivorous fish were somewhat depleted (–2.5‰) in δ34S at groundwater sites compared to reference sites. However, δ15N values were not different between groundwater and reference sites, and pelagic components of the ecosystems (plankton and planktivorous and piscivorous fish) were similar in both δ13C and δ15N. These data suggest benthic metazoan communities surrounding groundwater vents are partially linked to groundwater-derived benthic primary production, while planktivorous and piscivorous communities not directly associated with the benthos do not rely on groundwater nutrients.
机译：摘要：地下水可能是水生生态系统重要的养分和能量来源，但量化投入和生物地球化学重要性仍然具有挑战性。对休伦湖北部的一系列淹没式地下水排放口进行了检查，以确定地下水养分与水生食物网之间的联系。我们从地下水喷口和参考栖息地收集了关键食物网成分的样品，并对它们的 13 C， 15 N和 34 S同位素进行了分析。 。地下水中溶解的无机碳（DIC）在 13 中消耗ple尽，而硫酸盐水溶液在 34 S中富集（地下水与参考点之间的平均差为–3.9‰和+ 12.0‰）。在地下水环境中，底栖初级生产者，大型无脊椎动物和底栖鱼类的δ 13 C值显着降低，而底栖鱼类的δ 34 S则有所减少（–2.5‰）。地下水位与参考位相比。然而，地下水和参考点之间的δ 15 N值没有差异，并且δ 13 C中的生态系统浮游成分（浮游生物，浮游和食肉鱼类）相似和δ 15 N。这些数据表明，地下水喷口周围的底栖后生动物群落部分与地下水衍生的底栖生物初级生产有关，而与底栖动物没有直接关系的浮游和食鱼性群落不依赖于地下水养分。

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