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E-waste as a source of valuable metals

机译：电子废物是贵重金属的来源

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Purpose: Recovery of metals and precious metals from electronic waste (e-waste) has been an important topic not only for economic aspect but also for recycling rare natural sources and reducing the e-waste to prevent the environmental pollution. The paper presents data concer ning material composition of e-waste, with particular attention directed to the precious metals and possibility of their recovery from Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs).Design/methodology/approach: Material balance, one of the most popular and widespread e-waste in the form of used mobile phones, has been conducted. The results of preliminary leaching of precious metals from ground mass of PCBs derived from used mobile phones have been also shown.Findings: Main source of precious metals in e-waste are PCBs. In the adopted experimental conditions, when aqua regia was used in the second stage of the leaching, precious metals have not been effectively recovered. Material complexity of PCBs may complicate the hydrometallurgical processes and can reduce the effectiveness of metals recovery.Research limitations/implications: E-waste consists of several components in the form of metals and multi-material elements. The base metals include iron, copper, aluminum, nickel, zinc, selenium, indium, gallium and precious metals. Hazardous substances that can be found in e-waste, include: mercury, beryllium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, antimony. In addition, the large material group consists of plastics, glass and ceramics. Recovery of desired material with such a diverse group of waste requires the use of complex technology recycling. The biggest problem is a necessity of applying different technologies for the processing of various materials, which are extracted in the subsequent stages of recycling.Practical implications: This cognitive work provides the basis for further research.Originality/value: It is a research work
机译：目的：从电子废物（电子废物）中回收金属和贵金属不仅是经济方面的重要课题，也是回收稀有自然资源和减少电子废物以防止环境污染的重要课题。本文介绍了有关电子废物材料成分的数据，特别是针对贵金属及其从印刷电路板（PCB）中回收的可能性。设计/方法/方法：材料平衡是最流行和广泛使用的材料之一已经进行了以旧手机形式的电子废物的处理。还显示了从废旧手机中提取的多氯联苯的地面物质中初步浸出贵金属的结果。研究结果：电子垃圾中贵金属的主要来源是多氯联苯。在采用的实验条件下，在浸出的第二阶段使用王水时，尚未有效地回收贵金属。多氯联苯的材料复杂性可能使湿法冶金工艺复杂化，并可能降低金属回收的有效性。研究限制/意义：电子废物由金属和多种材料元素形式的几种成分组成。基本金属包括铁，铜，铝，镍，锌，硒，铟，镓和贵金属。电子垃圾中可能存在的有害物质包括：汞，铍，铅，砷，镉，锑。此外，大型材料组包括塑料，玻璃和陶瓷。用如此多种多样的废物回收所需材料需要使用复杂的技术循环利用。最大的问题是必须应用不同的技术来处理各种材料，这些材料是在回收的后续阶段提取的。实践意义：这项认知工作为进一步研究提供了基础。原创性/价值：这是一项研究工作

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