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Poverty dynamics and health in late childhood in the UK: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study

机译：英国儿童晚期的贫困状况与健康：千年队列研究的证据

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Objective To assess the prevalence of different trajectories of exposure to child poverty and their association with three indicators of adolescent physical and mental health in UK children. Methods We analysed data on 10?652 children from a large, prospective, nationally representative sample in the UK Millennium Cohort Study. The outcomes were mental health, measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), physical health, measured by obesity and any longstanding illness, at age 14. The exposure was relative poverty (60% of median of equivalised household income), measured at 9?months, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14?years. Poverty trajectories were characterised using latent class analysis. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education and ethnicity. Results Four poverty trajectories were identified: never in poverty (62.4%), poverty in early childhood (13.4%), poverty in late childhood (5.0%) and persistent poverty (19.4%). Compared with children who never experienced poverty, those in persistent poverty were at increased risk of mental health problems (SDQ score≥17 (adjusted OR (aOR): 3.17; 95%?CI: 2.40 to 4.19)), obesity (aOR: 1.57; 95%?CI: 1.20 to 2.04) and longstanding illness (aOR: 1.98; 95%?CI: 1.55 to 2.52). Poverty in early childhood was related to higher risk of obesity than that in late childhood, while the opposite is observed for mental health problems and longstanding illness. Conclusions Persistent poverty affects one in five children in the UK. Any exposure to poverty was associated with worse physical and mental health outcomes. Policies that reduce child poverty and its consequences are likely to improve health in adolescence.
机译：目的评估英国儿童暴露于儿童贫困的不同轨迹及其与青少年身体和心理健康的三个指标的关联。方法在英国千禧年队列研究中，我们分析了来自全国前瞻性样本的10 652名儿童的数据。结果是在14岁时通过优势和困难问卷（SDQ）衡量的心理健康，在肥胖和任何长期疾病的情况下通过肥胖和任何长期疾病衡量的身体健康。暴露程度是相对贫困（<等值家庭收入中位数的60％）在9个月，3、5、7、11和14年。使用潜在类别分析来表征贫困轨迹。 ORs和95％CI的估计采用多元logistic回归，并根据孕产妇教育和种族进行了调整。结果确定了四个贫困轨迹：从未贫困（62.4％），幼儿贫困（13.4％），幼儿贫困（5.0％）和持续贫困（19.4％）。与从未经历过贫困的儿童相比，处于持续贫困中的儿童处于精神健康问题的风险更高（SDQ得分≥17（校正后的OR（aOR）：3.17; 95％？CI：2.40至4.19）），肥胖症（aOR：1.57） ; 95％？CI：1.20至2.04）和长期患病（aOR：1.98; 95％？CI：1.55至2.52）。与儿童晚期相比，儿童早期的贫穷与肥胖风险更高，而在精神健康问题和长期疾病方面则相反。结论持续贫困影响了英国五分之一的儿童。任何贫困都与身心健康状况恶化有关。减少儿童贫困及其后果的政策可能会改善青少年的健康状况。

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