首页> 外文期刊>Archivos Latinoamericanos de Produccion Animal >Factores que afectan la actividad de las proteasas dependientes del calcio y su relación con el proceso de ablandamiento de la carne
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Factores que afectan la actividad de las proteasas dependientes del calcio y su relación con el proceso de ablandamiento de la carne

机译:影响钙依赖性蛋白酶活性的因素及其与肉嫩化过程的关系

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The endogenous calpain system plays a major role in regulating proteolysis of muscle proteins under postmortem conditions. The substrates of calpains like desmin, synemin, talin and vinculin form the citoskeletal framework of the muscle cell. The calpain system is composed of several isoforms of calciumdependent cysteine proteases and their specific competitive inhibitor, calpastatin. The two best-characterized isoforms of calpains are -calpain and m-calpain, which both degrade the same specific set of myofibrillar and cytoskeletal proteins as muscle is converted into meat. Alterations in pH and/or ionic strengths may cause conformational changes that allow an increase in the hydrophobicity and aggregation of the enzyme. Likewise, pH/ ionic strengths may alter the conformation of the substrate and make them less susceptible to cleavage by -calpain. The pH optimal of the calpainas is 7.0, nevertheless, at lower pH, the enzymes show catalytic activity. Investigations about this topic are abundant but results are very controversial. Temperatures of refrigeration also play a key rol in the autolysis of the calpains and calpastatin. Recently, experimental evidence shows that proteolysis of key cytoskeletal proteins such as the intermediate filament protein, desmin may be related also to drip loss or water holding capacity.
机译:内源钙蛋白酶系统在死后条件下在调节肌肉蛋白的蛋白水解中起主要作用。钙蛋白酶的底物,如结蛋白,合成蛋白,塔林和长春花蛋白,形成了肌肉细胞的骨骼骨架。钙蛋白酶系统由钙依赖性半胱氨酸蛋白酶的几种同工型及其特异性竞争抑制剂钙蛋白酶抑制素组成。钙蛋白酶的两个最典型的同工型是-calpain和m-calpain,当肌肉转化为肉时,它们都会降解同一组特定的肌原纤维蛋白和细胞骨架蛋白。 pH和/或离子强度的变化可能会导致构象变化,从而使酶的疏水性和聚集度增加。同样,pH /离子强度可能会改变底物的构型,并使它们更不易被-钙蛋白酶裂解。钙蛋白酶的最适pH为7.0,但是,在较低pH下,酶显示出催化活性。关于这个话题的调查很多,但是结果却很有争议。冷藏温度在钙蛋白酶和钙蛋白酶抑制素的自溶中也起着关键作用。最近,实验证据表明,关键的细胞骨架蛋白(如中间丝蛋白,结蛋白)的蛋白水解也可能与滴水损失或保水能力有关。

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