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首页> 外文期刊>Asian journal of animal and veterinary advances >Insights into Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), Various Approaches for its Diagnosis, Control and its Public Health Concerns: An Update
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Insights into Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), Various Approaches for its Diagnosis, Control and its Public Health Concerns: An Update

机译：牛结核病（bTB），各种诊断，控制和公共卫生问题的见解：最新动态

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease transmitted from animals to human and makes significant economic impacts due to high cost of eradication programs, trade restriction and serious consequences regarding public health thereby causing human tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis is the main etiological agent of bTB which is an acid fast staining bacterium due to waxy substance (mycolic acid) present in its bacterial cell wall. The bacteria can be transmitted by both aerogenous and enterogenous routes. Disease causes development of miliary tubercular lesions, chronic cough, obstructions of air passages and alimentary tract or blood vessels and enlargement of lymph nodes. A spectrum of Cell-Mediated Immune responses (CMI) predominate infection, projecting the role of macrophages and T-cell populations. In advanced stage, there is increased humoral response. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) have been widely used for the detection of M. tuberculosis complex in clinical samples. Single intradermal test, short thermal test and Stormont tests are the valuable delayed type of hypersensitivity tests. Gamma interferon assay, lymphocyte proliferation assay, Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA), multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA), Fluorescent Polarization Assay (FPA), immunochromatographic lateral flow test, single antigen as well as multiplex chemiluminescence assays are the various blood-based laboratory tests. Attenuated bovine-strain of tuberculosis bacterium, known as Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) is used as vaccine. The present review addresses important insights into the bovine TB, a complex and multi-species disease, the etiological agent, advances and trends in its diagnosis, vaccine development and treatment options and the public health significance of this important disease which would altogether help devising effective strategies for prevention and control of tuberculosis in cattle as well as in wildlife.
机译：牛结核病（bTB）是一种从动物传播给人类的人畜共患疾病，由于根除计划的成本高昂，贸易限制以及对公共卫生的严重后果而造成重大的经济影响，从而导致人类结核病。牛分枝杆菌是bTB的主要病原体，它是一种耐酸染色的细菌，归因于细菌细胞壁中存在的蜡质物质（霉菌酸）。细菌可以通过气源和肠源途径传播。该疾病导致粟粒性结核病的发展，慢性咳嗽，通气道和消化道或血管的阻塞以及淋巴结肿大。一系列细胞介导的免疫反应（CMI）占主导地位的感染，预测巨噬细胞和T细胞群体的作用。在晚期，体液反应增加。聚合酶链反应（PCR）和实时定量PCR（RT-qPCR）已广泛用于临床样品中结核分枝杆菌复合物的检测。一次皮内测试，短时热测试和Stormont测试是超敏性测试的有价值的延迟类型。 γ干扰素测定，淋巴细胞增殖测定，酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），多抗原印刷免疫测定（MAPIA），荧光偏振测定（FPA），免疫层析侧流试验，单抗原以及多重化学发光测定是基于血液的实验室测试。减毒的牛结核杆菌菌株，被称为卡介苗和娇兰芽孢杆菌（BCG）用作疫苗。本文对牛结核病，一种复杂的多物种疾病，病原体，其诊断，疫苗开发和治疗选择的进展和趋势以及这种重要疾病的公共卫生意义进行了重要的探讨，这将有助于制定有效的方法。牛和野生动植物的结核病防治策略。

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