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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Photochemical age of air pollutants, ozone, and secondary organic aerosol in transboundary air observed on Fukue Island, Nagasaki, Japan
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Photochemical age of air pollutants, ozone, and secondary organic aerosol in transboundary air observed on Fukue Island, Nagasaki, Japan

机译：在日本长崎福江岛观察到的跨界空气中的空气污染物，臭氧和次要有机气溶胶的光化学年龄

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To better understand the secondary air pollution in transboundary air over westernmost Japan, ground-based field measurements of the chemical composition of fine particulate matter (?≤??1?μm), mixing ratios of trace gas species (CO, Osub3/sub, NOsubix/i/sub, NOsubiy/i/sub, ii/i-pentane, toluene, and ethyne), and meteorological elements were conducted with a suite of instrumentation. The CO mixing ratio dependence on wind direction showed that there was no significant influence from primary emission sources near the monitoring site, indicating long- and/or mid-range transport of the measured chemical species. Despite the considerably different atmospheric lifetimes of NOsubiy/i/sub and CO, these mixing ratios were correlated (ir/isup2/sup?=?0.67). The photochemical age of the pollutants, it/i[OH] (the reaction time ?×? the mean concentration of OH radical during the atmospheric transport), was calculated from both the NOsubix/i/sub?∕?NOsubiy/i/sub concentration ratio (NOsubix/i/sub?∕?NOsubiy/i/sub clock) and the toluene?∕?ethyne concentration ratio (hydrocarbon clock). It was found that the toluene?/?ethyne concentration ratio was significantly influenced by dilution with background air containing 0.16?ppbv of ethyne, causing significant bias in the estimation of it/i[OH]. In contrast, the influence of the reaction of NOsubix/i/sub with Osub3/sub, a potentially biasing reaction channel on [NOsubix/i/sub]?/?[NOsubiy/i/sub], was small. The it/i[OH] values obtained with the NOsubix/i/sub?∕?NOsubiy/i/sub clock ranged from 2.9??×??10sup5/sup to 1.3??×??10sup8/sup?h?molecule?cmsup?3/sup and were compared with the fractional contribution of the im/i∕iz/i 44 signal to the total signal in the organic aerosol mass spectra (if/isub44/sub, a quantitative oxidation indicator of carboxylic acids) and Osub3/sub mixing ratio. The comparison of it/i[OH] with if/isub44/sub showed evidence for a systematic increase of if/isub44/sub as it/i[OH] increased, an indication of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. To a first approximation, the if/isub44/sub increase rate was (1.05?±?0.03)??×??10sup?9/sup??×??[OH]?hsup?1/sup, which is comparable to the background-corrected increase rate observed during the New England Air Quality Study in summer 2002. The similarity may imply the production of similar SOA component, possibly humic-like substances. Meanwhile, the comparison of it/i[OH] with Osub3/sub mixing ratio showed that there was a strong proportional relationship between Osub3/sub mixing ratio and it/i[OH]. A first approximation gave the increasing rate and background mixing ratio of ozone as (3.48?±?0.06)??×??10sup?7/sup??×??[OH]?ppbv hsup?1/sup and 30.7?ppbv, respectively. The information given here can be used for prediction of secondary pollution magnitude in the outflow from the Asian continent.
机译：为了更好地了解日本最西端的跨界空气中的二次空气污染，对细颗粒物的化学成分（？≤?? 1？μm），微量气体种类（CO，O 3 ，NO x ，NO y ， i -戊烷，甲苯和乙炔）和气象元素是通过一套仪器进行的。 CO混合比对风向的依赖性表明，监测地点附近的主要排放源没有重大影响，表明所测化学物质的远距离和/或中距离传输。尽管NO y 和CO的大气寿命存在很大差异，但这些混合比还是相关的（ r 2 ？= 0.67）。污染物的光化学年龄， t [OH]（反应时间τ×π，大气中OH自由基的平均浓度），是根据NO x ？∕？NO y 浓度比（NO x ？∕？NO y 时钟）和甲苯-∕-乙炔浓度比（烃时钟）。发现用含0.16ppbv乙炔的背景空气稀释显着影响甲苯/乙炔的浓度比，从而在t i [OH]的估算上产生明显的偏差。相反，NO x 与O 3 的反应的影响，O 3 是[NO x ]？/？[NO y ]，很小。用NO x ？∕？NO y 获得的 t [OH]值>时钟范围从2.9 ??×?? 10 5 到1.3 ??×?? 10 8 ？h？molecule？cm ？3 并与 m ∕ z 44信号对有机气溶胶质谱（ f 44 ，一种羧酸的定量氧化指示剂）和O 3 的混合比。 t [OH]与 f 44 的比较显示了 f 44的系统增加的证据随着 t [OH]的增加而增加，表明形成了次级有机气溶胶（SOA）。初步估算， f 44 的增长率为（1.05？±？0.03）??×?? 10 ？9 ??× ?? [OH]？h ？1 ，与在2002年夏季进行的新英格兰空气质量研究中观察到的经背景校正的增长率相当。相似之处可能意味着产生了相似的SOA成分，可能是腐殖质样的物质。同时， t [OH]与O 3 混合比的比较表明，O 3 混合比与 i> t [OH]。一阶近似值给出了臭氧的增加速率和背景混合比为（3.48？±？0.06）??×?? 10 ？7 ??×?? [OH]？ppbv h 1 和30.7ppbv。此处提供的信息可用于预测亚洲大陆流出的二次污染程度。

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