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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >The direct effect of aerosols on solar radiation based on satellite observations, reanalysis datasets, and spectral aerosol optical properties from Global Aerosol Data Set (GADS)
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The direct effect of aerosols on solar radiation based on satellite observations, reanalysis datasets, and spectral aerosol optical properties from Global Aerosol Data Set (GADS)

机译：基于卫星观测，再分析数据集和全球气溶胶数据集（GADS）的光谱气溶胶光学特性，气溶胶对太阳辐射的直接影响

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A global estimate of the seasonal direct radiative effect (DRE) of naturalplus anthropogenic aerosols on solar radiation under all-sky conditions isobtained by combining satellite measurements and reanalysis data with aspectral radiative transfer model and spectral aerosol optical propertiestaken from the Global Aerosol Data Set (GADS). The estimates are obtainedwith detailed spectral model computations separating the ultraviolet (UV),visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The global distribution of spectralaerosol optical properties was taken from GADS whereas data for clouds,water vapour, ozone, carbon dioxide, methane and surface albedo were takenfrom various satellite and reanalysis datasets. Using these aerosolproperties and other related variables, we generate climatological (for the12-year period 1984–1995) monthly mean aerosol DREs. The global annual meanDRE on the outgoing SW radiation at the top of atmosphere (TOA, ΔFTOA)is −1.62 W m−2 (with a range of −15 to 10 W m−2,negative values corresponding to planetary cooling), the effect on theatmospheric absorption of SW radiation (ΔFatmab) is 1.6 W m−2(values up to 35 W m−2, corresponding to atmospheric warming),and the effect on the surface downward and absorbed SW radiation (ΔFsurf,and ΔFsurfnet, respectively) is −3.93 and −3.22 W m−2(values up to −45 and −35 W m−2, respectively, correspondingto surface cooling). According to our results, aerosols decrease/increasethe planetary albedo by −3 to 13% at the local scale, whereas onplanetary scale the result is an increase of 1.5%. Aerosols can warmlocally the atmosphere by up to 0.98 K day−1, whereas they can cool theEarth's surface by up to −2.9 K day−1. Both these effects, which cansignificantly modify atmospheric dynamics and the hydrological cycle, canproduce significant planetary cooling on a regional scale, althoughplanetary warming can arise over highly reflecting surfaces. The aerosol DREat the Earth's surface compared to TOA can be up to 15 times larger at thelocal scale. The largest aerosol DRE takes place in the northern hemisphereboth at the surface and the atmosphere, arising mainly at ultraviolet andvisible wavelengths.
机译：通过将卫星测量和再分析数据与从全球气溶胶数据集（GADS）获得的纵横辐射传输模型和光谱气溶胶光学特性相结合，获得了全天候下Naturalplus人为气溶胶对太阳辐射的季节性直接辐射效应（DRE）的全球估算。 ）。估计是通过详细的光谱模型计算获得的，该计算将紫外线（UV），可见光和近红外波长分开。光谱气溶胶光学特性的全球分布来自GADS，而云，水蒸气，臭氧，二氧化碳，甲烷和地表反照率的数据则来自各种卫星和再分析数据集。利用这些气溶胶特性和其他相关变量，我们生成了气候学（1984-1995年的12年期间）每月平均气溶胶DRE。大气层顶部（SWA，Δ F TOA ）的输出SW辐射的全球年均DRE为-1.62 W m -2 （在−15至10 W m −2 范围内，负值对应于行星冷却），对SW辐射的大气吸收具有影响（Δ F atmab ）为1.6 W m −2 （值高达35 W m −2 ，对应于大气变暖），并且对表面的影响向下并被吸收SW辐射（Δ F surf 和Δ F surfnet ）分别为-3.93和-3.22 W m -2 （对应于表面冷却的值分别为-45和-35 W m -2 ）。根据我们的结果，在局部尺度上，气溶胶使行星反照率降低/增加了-3％至13％，而在行星尺度上，则增加了1.5％。气溶胶可以使地球的大气温暖达0.98 K day -1 ，而它们可以使地球的表面冷却达-2.9 K day -1 。尽管行星变暖可能会在高反射表面上产生，但这两种影响都可以显着改变大气动力学和水文循环，但它们会在区域范围内产生重大的行星降温。与TOA相比，地球表面的DRE气溶胶在当地规模上可能高达15倍。最大的气溶胶DRE发生在北半球的表面和大气中，主要发生在紫外线和可见波长处。

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