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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Chemical composition of free tropospheric aerosol for PM1 and coarse mode at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch
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Chemical composition of free tropospheric aerosol for PM1 and coarse mode at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch

机译：高寒地区少女峰地区对流层PM1的自由对流层气溶胶的化学成分和粗模式

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The chemical composition of submicron (fine mode) and supermicron (coarsemode) aerosol particles has been investigated at the Jungfraujoch highalpine research station (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) as part of the GAW aerosolmonitoring program since 1999. A clear seasonality was observed for allmajor components throughout the period with low concentrations in winter(predominantly free tropospheric aerosol) and higher concentrations insummer (enhanced vertical transport of boundary layer pollutants). Inaddition, mass closure was attempted during intensive campaigns in March2004, February–March 2005 and August 2005. Ionic, carbonaceous andnon-refractory components of the aerosol were quantified as well as the PM1 andcoarse mode total aerosol mass concentrations. A relatively low conversionfactor of 1.8 for organic carbon (OC) to particulate organic matter (OM) wasfound in winter (February–March 2005). Organics, sulfate, ammonium, andnitrate were the major components of the fine aerosol fraction that wereidentified, while calcium and nitrate were the only two measured componentscontributing to the coarse mode. The aerosol mass concentrations for fineand coarse mode aerosol measured during the intensive campaigns were nottypical of the long-term seasonality due largely to dynamical differences.Average fine and coarse mode concentrations during the intensive fieldcampaigns were 1.7 μg m−3 and 2.4 μg m−3 in winter and2.5 μg m−3 and 2.0 μg m−3 in summer, respectively. Themass balance of aerosols showed higher contributions of calcium and nitratein the coarse mode during Saharan dust events (SDE) than without SDE.
机译：自1999年以来，作为GAW气溶胶监测计划的一部分，在少女峰高高山研究站（瑞士3580 m asl）已对亚微米（精细模式）和超微米（粗模式）气溶胶颗粒的化学成分进行了研究。观察到所有主要成分的明显季节性变化在整个冬季，冬季的浓度较低（主要是对流层游离气溶胶），夏季浓度较高（增强了边界层污染物的垂直输送）。此外，在2004年3月，2005年2月至2005年3月以及2005年8月的密集运动中尝试进行质量封闭。对气溶胶的离子，碳质和非难熔成分以及PM1和粗模式总气溶胶浓度进行了定量。冬季（2005年2月至2005年3月）的有机碳（OC）转化为颗粒有机物（OM）的转换因子相对较低，为1.8。有机物，硫酸盐，铵和硝酸盐是确定的细小气溶胶组分的主要成分，而钙和硝酸盐是仅有的两个测得的粗模式的成分。密集运动期间测得的精细和粗模式气溶胶的气溶胶质量浓度不是典型的长期季节性变化，这在很大程度上是由于动力差异造成的。在密集野外活动期间，精细和粗模式气溶胶的平均浓度为1.7μgm −3 冬季分别为>和2.4μgm -3 ，夏季分别为2.5μgm -3 和2.0μgm −3 。撒哈拉尘埃事件（SDE）期间，气溶胶的质量平衡显示，在粗模式下，钙和硝酸盐的贡献要高于未使用SDE的情况。

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