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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Assessment of upper tropospheric and stratospheric water vapor and ozone in reanalyses as part of S-RIP
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Assessment of upper tropospheric and stratospheric water vapor and ozone in reanalyses as part of S-RIP

机译：作为S-RIP的一部分，对对流层和平流层上方的水蒸气和臭氧进行重新分析评估

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Reanalysis data sets are widely used to understand atmospheric processes and past variability, and are often used to stand in as "observations" for comparisons with climate model output. Because of the central role of water vapor (WV) and ozone (Osub3/sub) in climate change, it is important to understand how accurately and consistently these species are represented in existing global reanalyses. In this paper, we present the results of WV and Osub3/sub intercomparisons that have been performed as part of the SPARC (Stratosphere–troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate) Reanalysis Intercomparison Project (S-RIP). The comparisons cover a range of timescales and evaluate both inter-reanalysis and observation-reanalysis differences. We also provide a systematic documentation of the treatment of WV and Osub3/sub in current reanalyses to aid future research and guide the interpretation of differences amongst reanalysis fields.brbrThe assimilation of total column ozone (TCO) observations in newer reanalyses results in realistic representations of TCO in reanalyses except when data coverage is lacking, such as during polar night. The vertical distribution of ozone is also relatively well represented in the stratosphere in reanalyses, particularly given the relatively weak constraints on ozone vertical structure provided by most assimilated observations and the simplistic representations of ozone photochemical processes in most of the reanalysis forecast models. However, significant biases in the vertical distribution of ozone are found in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in all reanalyses.brbrIn contrast to Osub3/sub, reanalysis estimates of stratospheric WV are not directly constrained by assimilated data. Observations of atmospheric humidity are typically used only in the troposphere, below a specified vertical level at or near the tropopause. The fidelity of reanalysis stratospheric WV products is therefore mainly dependent on the reanalyses' representation of the physical drivers that influence stratospheric WV, such as temperatures in the tropical tropopause layer, methane oxidation, and the stratospheric overturning circulation. The lack of assimilated observations and known deficiencies in the representation of stratospheric transport in reanalyses result in much poorer agreement amongst observational and reanalysis estimates of stratospheric WV. Hence, stratospheric WV products from the current generation of reanalyses should generally not be used in scientific studies.
机译：再分析数据集被广泛用于理解大气过程和过去的可变性，并且经常被用作与气候模型输出进行比较的“观测”。由于水蒸气（WV）和臭氧（O 3 ）在气候变化中的核心作用，因此重要的是要了解在现有的全球再分析中这些物种如何准确，一致地表示出来。在本文中，我们介绍了WV和O 3 比对的结果，这些比对是SPARC（对流层-对流层过程及其在气候中的作用）再分析比对项目（S-RIP）的一部分。比较涵盖了一系列时标，并评估了再分析之间和观察-再分析之间的差异。我们还将提供有关当前再分析中WV和O 3 的处理的系统文件，以帮助将来的研究并指导重新分析领域之间的差异。 总柱臭氧的同化（TCO）在较新的重新分析中的观测结果可在重新分析中以真实的方式表示T​​CO，除非缺少数据覆盖时（例如在极夜期间）。在再分析中，平流层中臭氧的垂直分布也相对较好地表示出来，特别是考虑到大多数同化观测提供的对臭氧垂直结构的约束相对较弱，并且在大多数再分析预测模型中，臭氧光化学过程的表示都比较简单。但是，在所有重新分析中，对流层上部和平流层下部均发现臭氧垂直分布存在明显偏差。 与O 3 相比，平流层WV的重新分析估计值不直接受同化数据约束。大气湿度的观测通常仅在对流层中，对流层顶或其附近的指定垂直高度以下使用。因此，重新分析平流层WV产品的保真度主要取决于影响平流层WV的物理驱动因素的重新分析表示，例如热带对流层顶层温度，甲烷氧化和平流层翻转环流。在再分析中缺乏同化观测值和已知的平流层运移表示方面的缺陷，导致对平流层WV的观测和再分析估计之间的一致性差得多。因此，通常不应将当前一代再分析的平流层WV产品用于科学研究。

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