• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Measurements of nitric oxide and ammonia soil fluxes from a wet savanna ecosystem site in West Africa during the DACCIWA field campaign
【24h】

Measurements of nitric oxide and ammonia soil fluxes from a wet savanna ecosystem site in West Africa during the DACCIWA field campaign

机译：在DACCIWA野战期间对西非湿热带稀树草原生态系统地点一氧化氮和氨的土壤通量的测量

获取原文
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Biogenic fluxes from soil at a local and regional scale are crucial to study air pollution and climate. Here we present field measurements of soil fluxes of nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia ( NHsub3/sub ) observed over four different land cover types, i.e. bare soil, grassland, maize field, and forest, at an inland rural site in Benin, West Africa, during the DACCIWA field campaign in June and July?2016. At the regional scale, urbanization and a massive growth in population in West Africa have been causing a strong increase in anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic pollutants are transported inland and northward from the megacities located on the coast, where the reaction with biogenic emissions may lead to enhanced ozone production outside urban areas, as well as secondary organic aerosol formation, with detrimental effects on humans, animals, natural vegetation, and crops. We observe NO fluxes up to 48.05?ngN?m sup?2/sup s sup?1/sup . NO fluxes averaged over all land cover types are 4.79±5.59 ngN?m sup?2/sup s sup?1/sup , and maximum soil emissions of NO are recorded over bare soil. NHsub3/sub is dominated by deposition for all land cover types. NHsub3/sub fluxes range between ?6.59 and 4.96?ngN?m sup?2/sup s sup?1/sup . NHsub3/sub fluxes averaged over all land cover types are - 0.91 ± 1.27 ngN?m sup?2/sup s sup?1/sup , and maximum NHsub3/sub deposition is measured over bare soil. The observations show high spatial variability even for the same soil type, same day, and same meteorological conditions. We compare point daytime average measurements of NO emissions recorded during the field campaign with those simulated by GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Model) for the same site and find good agreement. In an attempt to quantify NO emissions at the regional and national scale, we also provide a tentative estimate of total NO emissions for the entire country of Benin for the month of July using two distinct methods: upscaling point measurements and using the GEOS-Chem model. The two methods give similar results: 1.17±0.6 and 1.44?GgN?month sup?1/sup , respectively. Total NHsub3/sub deposition estimated by upscaling point measurements for the month of July is 0.21?GgN?month sup?1/sup .
机译：在局部和区域范围内，土壤中的生物通量对于研究空气污染和气候至关重要。在这里，我们介绍了在内陆的四种不同土地覆盖类型（即裸露的土壤，草地，玉米田和森林）上观测到的一氧化氮（NO）和氨气（NH 3 ）的土壤通量的野外测量2016年6月和7月的DACCIWA野外活动期间，在西非贝宁的一个农村地区。在区域范围内，西非的城市化和人口的大量增长已导致人为排放量的大幅增加。人为污染物是从沿海大城市向内陆和北向运输的，在这里与生物排放物的反应可能会导致市区外臭氧产生量增加，并形成二次有机气溶胶，对人类，动物，自然植被产生有害影响，和农作物。我们观察到没有通量达到48.05？ngN？m ？2 s ？1 。所有土地覆盖类型的平均NO通量为4.79±5.59 ngN？m ？2 s ？1 ，在裸土上记录到最大的土壤NO排放量。在所有土地覆盖类型中，NH 3 以沉积为主。 NH 3 的通量范围在？6.59和4.96？ngN？m ？2 s ？1 之间。在所有土地覆盖类型上平均的NH 3 通量为-0.91±1.27 ngN？m ？2 s ？1 ，最大NH 3 的测量是在裸露的土壤上进行的。观测结果显示，即使对于相同的土壤类型，相同的日期和相同的气象条件，其空间变异性也很高。我们将野外活动期间记录的点日平均测量值与GEOS-Chem（Goddard地球观测系统化学模型）模拟的相同站点进行了比较，并找到了良好的协议。为了量化区域和国家范围内的NO排放量，我们还使用两种截然不同的方法对贝宁整个国家在7月份的NO排放总量进行了初步估算：升级点测量和使用GEOS-Chem模型。两种方法得出的结果相似：分别为1.17±0.6和1.44？GgN？month ？1 。通过升标点测量得出的7月总NH 3 沉积总量为0.21？GgN？month ？1 。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号