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The use of IASI data to identify systematic errors in the ECMWF forecasts of temperature in the upper stratosphere

机译：利用IASI数据识别ECMWF高层平流层温度预报中的系统误差

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Since data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer(IASI) became available in 2007, a number of papers have appeared inthe literature which have reported relatively large discrepanciesbetween IASI spectra and forward calculations in the centre of theCO2 Q-branch at 667 cm?1. In this paper we show that thesediscrepancies are primarily due to errors in the temperatureprofiles used in the forward calculations. In particular, we haveused forecasts of temperature profiles from the European Centre for Medium-RangeWeather Forecasts (ECMWF) to demonstrate that, for the casestudy considered in this paper, these profiles are affected bysystematic errors of the order of ≈10 K at the level of thestratopause. To derive the magnitude and the spatial location of thesystematic errors in the temperature profile, we have carried outforward/inverse calculations for a number of clear-sky, daytime,IASI tropical soundings over the sea. The forward calculations havebeen performed using atmospheric state vectors which have beenobtained either from the direct inversion of the IASI radiances orfrom space-time co-located profiles derived from radiosondeobservations and from the ECMWF model. To rule out any effect due tothe accuracy of the forward model, we have performed the forwardcalculations using two independent models. The sensitivity of thetemperature biases to the variability of the CO2 profile and tospectroscopy errors has also been studied.
机译：自2007年获得红外大气探测干涉仪（IASI）的数据以来，文献中出现了许多论文，这些论文报告了IASI光谱与CO 2 Q-中心的正向计算之间存在较大差异。在667 cm ？1 处分支。在本文中，我们表明这些差异主要是由于正向计算中使用的温度曲线中的误差所致。特别是，我们使用了欧洲中距离天气预报中心（ECMWF）的温度剖面预报，以证明，对于本文研究的案例研究，这些剖面受到≈10K量级的系统误差的影响。 stratopause。为了得出温度剖面中系统误差的大小和空间位置，我们对海洋上许多晴空，白天，IASI热带测深进行了正向/反向计算。已经使用大气状态矢量进行了前向计算，这些状态矢量是从IASI辐射的直接反演或从无线电探空观测和ECMWF模型推导出的时空共处剖面获得的。为了排除由于正向模型的准确性而产生的任何影响，我们使用两个独立的模型进行了正向计算。还研究了温度偏差对CO 2 曲线变化和光谱误差的敏感性。

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