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TES ammonia retrieval strategy and global observations of the spatial and seasonal variability of ammonia

机译：TES氨气的获取策略和氨气时空变化的全球观测

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摘要

Presently only limited sets of tropospheric ammonia(NH3) measurements in the Earth's atmosphere have been reported fromsatellite and surface station measurements, despite the well-documentednegative impact of NH3 on the environment and human health. Presentedhere is a detailed description of the satellite retrieval strategy andanalysis for the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) using simulationsand measurements. These results show that: (i) the level of detectabilityfor a representative boundary layer TES NH3 mixing ratio value is ~0.4 ppbv, which typically corresponds to a profile that contains a maximumlevel value of ~1 ppbv; (ii) TES NH3 retrievals generally provide at mostone degree of freedom for signal (DOFS), with peak sensitivity between 700and 900 mbar; (iii) TES NH3 retrievals show significant spatial andseasonal variability of NH3 globally; (iv) initial comparisons of TESobservations with GEOS-CHEM estimates show TES values being higher overall.Important differences and similarities between modeled and observed seasonaland spatial trends are noted, with discrepancies indicating areas where thetiming and magnitude of modeled NH3 emissions from agriculturalsources, and to lesser extent biomass burning sources, need further study.
机译：尽管有很好的文献证明，NH 3 对地球大气的对流层氨（NH 3 ）对地球大气的负影响是负面的，但目前仅通过卫星和地面站的测量报告了对流层中对流层氨（NH 3 ）的有限测量。环境与人类健康。这里介绍的是对流层发射光谱仪（TES）的卫星检索策略以及使用模拟和测量进行分析的详细描述。这些结果表明：（i）代表性边界层TES NH 3 混合比值的可检测水平为〜0.4 ppbv，通常对应于最大水平值为〜1 ppbv的曲线; （ii）TES NH 3 检索通常提供最多一个信号自由度（DOFS），峰值灵敏度在700到900 mbar之间; （iii）TES NH 3 的检索表明，全球范围内NH 3 的空间和季节都有明显的变化; （iv）对TES观测值与GEOS-CHEM估计值的初步比较表明，TES值总体上较高。模型和观察到的季节性和空间趋势之间存在重要差异和相似性，差异表明了模型NH 3的时机和强度。农业来源的排放，以及程度较小的生物质燃烧来源，都需要进一步研究。

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