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Acid rain in Jiangsu province, eastern China: Tempo-spatial variations features and analysis

机译：中国江苏省酸雨：时空变化特征与分析

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Acid rain is a serious environmental problem in China, caused by the urbanization and industrialization. We used recent acid rain and urban pollutant emissions data from the eastern coastal Jiangsu province to analyze the spatial distribution of acid rain. Further, we analyzed the regional air pollution data of the commission discharge atmospheric research database (EDGAR) regional air pollution data and developed a back-trajectory model for the cluster analysis of the air mass transfer characteristics of acid rain. The results show that from 2007 to 2013 the precipitation pH were high in northern and low in southern parts of Jiangsu Province. The average precipitation pH in the northwest and northeast parts were higher than 5.6; the frequency of acid rain in the area south of the Huaihe River accounted for more than 50% of total rainfall samples. Precipitation conductive in the northwest and southwest was greater than 60 μs/cm. The SO2, NOX, and PM10 were lower in the northern part and higher in the southern part. The northern part has higher pH and lower emission of precursors. One likely source for high ammonium and calcium concentration is local soil. From the northwest air mass, the acid rain appeared to have the highest average pH and the air mass from the southwest had the highest percentage of acid rain. The local emission (SO2, NOX, and Dust) reduction from 2005 led the haze and the acid rain problems mitigated to a good trend. The haze day increase and acid rain decrease due to the NH4+, and Ca2+ increase, and the long-distance transmission and the alkaline pollutant played an important role in Jiangsu' acid rain problem and haze since 2009.
机译：酸雨是中国城市化和工业化带来的严重环境问题。我们使用了最近的江苏东部沿海酸雨和城市污染物排放数据来分析酸雨的空间分布。此外，我们分析了佣金排放大气研究数据库（EDGAR）的区域空气污染数据中的区域空气污染数据，并建立了用于对酸雨的空气质量传递特征进行聚类分析的反向轨迹模型。结果表明，2007年至2013年，江苏省北部降水pH值较高，而南部降水pH值较低。西北和东北地区的平均降水pH值高于5.6;淮南地区酸雨频率占总降水量的50％以上。西北和西南的降水传导率大于60μs/ cm。 SO2，NOX和PM10在北部较低，在南部较高。北部具有较高的pH值和较低的前体排放。铵和钙含量高的一种可能来源是当地土壤。从西北空气质量来看，酸雨似乎具有最高的平均pH值，而从西南空气质量来看，酸雨的百分比最高。自2005年以来，当地排放量（SO2，NOX和粉尘）的减少导致雾霾和酸雨问题缓解，呈现出良好的趋势。 2009年以来，由于NH4 +和Ca2 +的增加，雾霾日数增加，酸雨减少，长距离传播和碱性污染物在江苏酸雨问题和雾霾中起着重要作用。

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