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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Atmospheric transport of persistent semi-volatile organic chemicals to the Arctic and cold condensation in the mid-troposphere – Part 1: 2-D modeling in mean atmosphere
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Atmospheric transport of persistent semi-volatile organic chemicals to the Arctic and cold condensation in the mid-troposphere – Part 1: 2-D modeling in mean atmosphere

机译：持久性半挥发性有机化合物向大气的大气迁移和对流层中部的冷凝结第1部分：平均大气中的二维模型

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In the first part of this study for revisiting the coldcondensation effect on global distribution of semi-volatile organicchemicals (SVOCs), the atmospheric transport of SVOCs to the Arctic in themid-troposphere in a mean meridional atmospheric circulation over theNorthern Hemisphere was simulated by a two-dimensional (2-D) atmospherictransport model. Results show that under the mean meridional atmosphericcirculation the long-range atmospheric transport of SVOCs from warmlatitudes to the Arctic occurs primarily in the mid-troposphere. Althoughmajor sources are in low and mid-latitude soils, the modeled airconcentration of SVOCs in the mid-troposphere is of the same order as orhigher than that near the surface, demonstrating that the mid-troposphere isan important pathway and reservoir of SVOCs. The cold condensation of thechemicals is also likely to take place in the mid-troposphere over a sourceregion of SVOCs in warm low latitudes through interacting with clouds. Wedemonstrate that the temperature dependent vapour pressure and atmosphericdegradation rate of SVOCs exhibit similarities between lower atmosphere overthe Arctic and the mid-troposphere over a tropical region. Frequentoccurrence of atmospheric ascending motion and convection over warmlatitudes carry the chemicals to a higher altitude where some of thesechemicals may partition onto solid or aqueous phase through interaction withatmospheric aerosols, cloud water droplets and ice particles, and becomemore persistent at lower temperatures. Stronger winds in the mid-tropospherethen convey solid and aqueous phase chemicals to the Arctic where they sinkby large-scale descending motion and wet deposition. Using calculated waterdroplet-air partitioning coefficient of several persistent organicsemi-volatile chemicals under a mean air temperature profile from theequator to the North Pole we propose that clouds are likely importantsorbing media for SVOCs and pathway of the cold condensation effect andpoleward atmospheric transport. The role of deposition and atmosphericdescending motion in the cold condensation effect over the Arctic is alsodiscussed.
机译：在本研究的第一部分中，为了重新探讨冷冷凝对半挥发性有机化合物（SVOC）的全球分布的影响，通过两个模拟了SVOC在北半球平均子午大气环流中在对流层中向北极的大气迁移（二维）大气传输模型。结果表明，在平均子午大气环流下，SVOCs从暖纬度到北极的远距离大气迁移主要发生在对流层中部。尽管主要来源是低纬度和中纬度土壤，但对流层中部SVOCs的模拟空气浓度与地表高度相同或更高，表明对流层中部是SVOCs的重要途径和储集层。化学物质的冷凝结也可能通过与云层相互作用在对流层中部在温暖低纬度的SVOCs源区上空发生。希望证明SVOC的温度依赖性蒸气压和大气降解率在北极地区较低的大气层和热带地区的对流层中部之间表现出相似性。在纬度上频繁发生的大气上升运动和对流会将化学物质带到更高的高度，其中一些化学物质可能通过与大气气溶胶，云水滴和冰粒的相互作用而分配到固相或水相中，并在较低温度下变得更持久。对流层中部的强风将固相和水相化学物质输送到北极，在那里它们通过大规模下降运动和湿沉降而下沉。利用从赤道到北极的平均气温分布下几种持久性有机半挥发性化学物质的水滴-空气分配系数，我们认为云可能是SVOCs的重要吸附介质以及冷凝结作用和极向大气传输的途径。还讨论了沉积和大气下降运动在北极地区冷凝结作用中的作用。

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