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Pollution levels and health risk assessment of particulate phthalic acid esters in arid urban areas

机译：干旱市区颗粒状邻苯二甲酸酯的污染水平及健康风险评估

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The pollution levels and health risks of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in atmospheric particulates in a typical arid urban area of China were studied and discussed in this paper. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCa??MS) was used to analyze the PAE concentrations at seven sites in Changji City during all four seasons. The results indicated that total PAE in atmospheric particulates ranged from 40 to 388??ng??ma??3 in 2014. The PAE concentrations also showed significant seasonal variation with relatively higher values in summer and autumn (191 and 319??ng??ma??3) than in spring and winter (70 and 55??ng??ma??3). Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were found as predominant compounds in PAEs accounting for ca. 90% of the total. Evidence confirms that factors including anthropogenic activities and total suspended particulate matter concentration (TSP) influenced the spatial distribution of phthalates in the atmosphere. The non-cancer and cancer risks assessment of PAEs using U.S. EPA method showed that the respective values were 1 for the former, and 10a??6 for the latter; therefore, both of them were within the acceptable level and met the international guidelines. The study here establishes a baseline for future monitoring and management of these contaminants in arid area.
机译：本文研究并讨论了中国典型干旱城市地区大气颗粒物中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的污染水平和健康风险。气相色谱-质谱法（GCa-MS）用于分析昌吉市四个季节中七个地点的PAE浓度。结果表明，2014年大气颗粒物中的PAE总量在40至388？ng？ma？ma？3之间。PAE浓度还表现出明显的季节变化，夏季和秋季分别较高（191和319？ng？ma？3）。 ？ma ?? 3）比春季和冬季（70？55？ng？ma？3）好。在PAE中发现邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是主要化合物，约占占总数的90％有证据表明，包括人为活动和总悬浮颗粒物浓度（TSP）在内的因素影响了邻苯二甲酸酯在大气中的空间分布。使用美国EPA方法对PAE进行的非癌和癌风险评估表明，前者的值分别为<1和<10a ?? 6。因此，它们都在可接受的范围内并符合国际准则。此处的研究为将来在干旱地区对这些污染物的监测和管理建立了基准。

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