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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Assessment of damage caused by the spider mite Mononychellus planki (McGregor) on soybean cultivars in South America
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Assessment of damage caused by the spider mite Mononychellus planki (McGregor) on soybean cultivars in South America

机译：评估红蜘蛛螨对南美大豆品种的危害

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The aim of this study was to quantify the reduction in grain productivity caused by tetranychid mites in different soybeangenotypes. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out in two different experimental sites, one with 20 and another with25 soybean cultivars. The sites had distinct soil features and were chosen to verify the influence of local conditions in themanifestation of intrinsic soybean plant resistance to spider mites. The experimental design was of randomized blocks withsubdivided plots and four replications. The effects of cultivars were assessed in plots 5 x 25 m and yield reduction was investigatedin subplots regarding presence and absence of tetranychid mites. The presence of mites on each cultivar was checked weekly afterthe emergence of soybean plants, until the detection of its occurrence. To evaluate the mite population, 25 leaflets of the upperstratum and 25 of the lower stratum of plants were randomly collected from a 20 cm 2 area to quantify the density of mites. Theresults showed that predominant species was Mononychellus planki (McGregor) (>90%). The other species such as Tetranychusurticae (Koch), Tetranychus ludeni (Zacher), Tetranychus gigas (Pritchard) and Tetranychus desertorum (Banks) were also observed.The population of mites and grain yield loss differed significantly depending on the soybean cultivar. The average reduction insoybean productivity in both experiments was 483 kg of soybean/hectare, corresponding to an average reduction of 20% of theproductive potential of the cultivars evaluated. The spider mites can cause a great damage to soybean cultivar. Therefore, growersmust regularly scout for its presence in the field, applying control measures as soon as the level of spider mites significantlyincreases.
机译：这项研究的目的是量化由不同大豆基因型的四叶螨引起的谷物生产力的降低。为此，在两个不同的实验地点进行了两个实验，一个有20个，另一个有25个大豆品种。这些地点具有独特的土壤特征，并被选择来验证当地条件对大豆内在植物对红蜘蛛抗性表现的影响。实验设计是具有细分图和四个重复的随机区组。在5 x 25 m的地块中评估了栽培品种的影响，并在亚图谱中研究了四联chi螨的有无。大豆植株出现后，每周检查每个品种上的螨虫是否存在，直到发现其发生为止。为了评估螨虫种群，从20 cm 2区域随机收集了植物的上层25小叶和下层25小叶，以定量螨虫的密度。结果表明，优势种是Mononychellus planki（McGregor）（> 90％）。另外还观察到了其他物种，如四叶草科（Koch），四叶草（Zacher），四叶草（Pritchard）和四叶草（Banks），螨虫的数量和谷物产量的损失因大豆品种而异。在两个实验中，大豆生产力的平均降低为483千克大豆/公顷，相当于所评估品种的生产潜力平均降低20％。红蜘蛛会严重破坏大豆品种。因此，种植者必须定期侦察其在野外的存在，一旦红蜘蛛的含量显着增加，就应立即采取控制措施。

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