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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Germination of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) genotypes with reduced temperature requirements
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Germination of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) genotypes with reduced temperature requirements

机译：瓜尔豆（Cyamopsis tetragonoloba（L.）Taub。）基因型的萌发，温度降低

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摘要

Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) is an annual legume with a long crop cycle and high temperature threshold for seed germination (20-21℃). In semi-arid Mediterranean areas, inadequate soil warmth delays guar planting to May/early June and harvest to October-November, when high rainfall hinders seed maturation and lowers gum quality. Nine world guar genotypes (from India, Pakistan, USA, South Africa) were tested for germination capability and speed in response to temperature. All source seeds were field grown in Sicily for use in germination assays. The following temperature regimes were imposed adopting a completely randomized design: A) seven constant temperatures from 5℃ to 35℃ (5℃ increments), and B) two alternating temperatures of 15/10℃ and 20/15℃ (6h/18h thermoperiod), each consisting of four replicates of 25 seeds. Optimal germination temperatures were always 30 and 35℃, but Indian genotypes also demonstrated substantial germination percentages (33-43%) at constant temperatures as low as 15℃. Mean germination time (MGT) of genotypes India2, Kinman, Lewis, and Monument were 1.1 to 1.7 days at 30 and 35℃. At lower temperatures (15℃), the germination percentage and MGT improved significantly when the seeds were exposed at 20℃ for 6 hours a day. In particular, Kinman, India2 and Monument gave good results, achieving 80%, 76% and 66% germination, respectively, with MGTs of 5 days. This alternating temperature regime is typical in soil during the Mediterranean spring. Results may be useful both for farmers to identify optimum timing for guar sowing, and for breeders to cross genotypes that tolerate low germination temperatures with high yielding genotypes.
机译：瓜尔豆（Cyamopsis tetragonoloba（L.）Taub。）是一年生豆类，作物周期长，种子发芽温度高（20-21℃）。在半干旱的地中海地区，土壤温暖不足将瓜尔豆播种推迟至5月/ 6月初，而瓜尔豆的播种推迟至10月至11月，这时高降雨阻碍了种子的成熟并降低了口香糖的质量。测试了九种瓜耳瓜瓜基因型（来自印度，巴基斯坦，美国，南非）的发芽能力和响应温度的速度。所有来源种子均在西西里大田生长，用于发芽试验。采取以下完全随机设计的温度方案：A）从5℃到35℃的七个恒定温度（以5℃为增量），以及B）15/10℃和20/15℃的两个交替温度（6h / 18h的热周期） ），每组由25个种子的四个重复组成。最佳发芽温度始终为30和35℃，但印度基因型在低至15℃的恒定温度下也显示出较高的发芽率（33-43％）。基因型India2，Kinman，Lewis和Monument的平均发芽时间（MGT）在30和35℃下为1.1至1.7天。在较低温度（15℃）下，当种子在20℃下每天暴露6小时时，发芽率和MGT显着提高。特别是金曼，印度2和纪念碑获得了良好的效果，使用5天的MGT分别达到80％，76％和66％的发芽率。这种交替的温度状态是地中海春季土壤中的典型现象。结果可能对农民确定瓜尔豆播种的最佳时机，对于育种者杂交能够耐受低发芽温度和高产基因型的基因型都是有用的。

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