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首页> 外文期刊>IBRO Reports >The study of the behaviour, the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex of adult Wistar rats exposed to lead and treatment with Psidium guajava leaf extract
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The study of the behaviour, the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex of adult Wistar rats exposed to lead and treatment with Psidium guajava leaf extract

机译：成年Wistar大鼠暴露于铅并用番石榴番石榴叶提取物处理的行为，海马和小脑皮质的研究

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Clusters composed of similar items can act as representational units of visual working memory Visual working memory (VWM) is a short-term memory system to retain visual inputs while its storage capacity is highly limited. To study representational structure of VWM, the present study investigated whether clusters formed by multiple items, especially whose features are similar to one another, can improve the repre- sentational quality of VWM. We hypothesized that recall precision of the same number of stimuli increases when they form fewer clusters due to reduced memory load. Throughout six experiments, participants remembered orientations or colors of multiple stimuli and estimated the orientation (color) of cued item(s). To confirm that whether items formed cluster(s), we first observed bias pat- terns of the stimuli’s representations, and then measured recall precision to test that clustering can increase the representational quality of VWM. In Experiments 1 and 2, orientation similarity of five stimuli was manipulated to group those stimuli into differ- ent number of clusters. In Experiment 3, we manipulated both the number of stimuli and their similarity such that five items were summarized into fewer clusters than three items. We consistently found that similar items formed a cluster, and that the precision of the individual stimuli was higher with fewer clusters, regardless of the number of items. We generalized this clustering effect on color feature by asking participants to remember items’ colors (Exper- iment 4). However, if color is task-irrelevant, similar colors were not organized into clusters and did not improve the recall precision (Experiment 5). In Experiment 6, we further manipulated the sim- ilarity levels across clusters and found that response errors were correlated within the same cluster but not across different clus- ters, regardless of the cluster similarity. These results suggest that clusters composed of similar items can affect the representational quality of VWM, acting as representational units of VWM.
机译：由相似项目组成的群集可以充当视觉工作记忆的代表性单位视觉工作记忆（VWM）是一种短期存储系统，用于在保留其存储容量的同时保留视觉输入。为了研究VWM的代表性结构，本研究调查了由多个项目组成的集群（尤其是其特征彼此相似的集群）是否可以提高VWM的表示质量。我们假设，由于减少了内存负荷，当相同数量的刺激物形成较少的簇时，其回忆精度会提高。在整个六个实验中，参与者记住了多个刺激的方向或颜色，并估计了提示项目的方向（颜色）。为了确认项目是否形成聚类，我们首先观察刺激表示的偏差模式，然后测量召回精度，以测试聚类可以提高VWM的表示质量。在实验1和2中，操纵了五个刺激的方向相似性，将这些刺激分为不同数量的簇。在实验3中，我们操纵了刺激的数量及其相似性，以使五个项目被归纳为少于三个项目的聚类。我们一致地发现，相似的项目形成一个簇，并且无论项目数量如何，簇数越少，单个刺激的精度就越高。我们通过要求参与者记住项目的颜色来概括这种对颜色特征的影响（实验4）。但是，如果颜色与任务无关，则不会将相似的颜色组织成簇，也不会提高召回精度（实验5）。在实验6中，我们进一步操纵了跨集群的相似性水平，发现响应误差在同一集群内相关，而在不同集群之间无关，无论集群相似性如何。这些结果表明，由相似项目组成的群集可以影响VWM的表示质量，充当VWM的表示单位。

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