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The structure of mixed-species bird flocks, and their response to anthropogenic disturbance, with special reference to East Asia

机译：混合物种禽群的结构及其对人为干扰的响应，特别是东亚

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Mixed-species flocks of birds are distributed world-wide and can be especially dominant in temperate forests during the non-breeding season and in tropical rainforests year-round. We review from a community ecology perspective what is known about the structure and organization of flocks, emphasizing that flocking species tend to be those particularly vulnerable to predation, and flocks tend to be led by species that are able to act as sources of information about predators for other species. Studies on how flocks respond to fragmentation and land-use intensification continue to accumulate, but the question of whether the flock phenomenon makes species more vulnerable to anthropogenic change remains unclear. We review the literature on flocks in East Asia and demonstrate there is a good foundation of knowledge on which to build. We then outline potentially fruitful future directions, focusing on studies that can investigate how dependent species are on each other in flocks, and how such interdependencies might affect avian habitat selection in the different types of human-modified environments of this region
机译：混合物种的鸟群分布在世界各地，在非繁殖季节的温带森林和全年热带雨林中尤其占优势。我们从社区生态学的角度回顾了关于群的结构和组织的已知信息，强调成群的物种往往是特别容易被捕食的物种，而群则倾向于由能够作为捕食者信息来源的物种领导对于其他物种。关于鸡群如何应对碎片化和土地利用集约化的研究仍在继续积累，但是关于鸡群现象是否使物种更容易受到人为改变的影响的问题仍然不清楚。我们回顾了有关东亚羊群的文献，并证明了有丰富的知识基础。然后，我们概述了可能富有成果的未来方向，重点是可以调查成群的相互依存物种之间如何相互依赖，以及这种相互依存关系如何影响该地区不同类型的人类修饰环境中鸟类栖息地选择的研究

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