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Frequency and Character of Extreme Aerosol Events in the Southwestern United States: A Case Study Analysis in Arizona

机译：美国西南部极端气溶胶事件的发生频率和特征：以亚利桑那州为例的分析研究

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This study uses more than a decade’s worth of data across Arizona to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution, frequency, and source of extreme aerosol events, defined as when the concentration of a species on a particular day exceeds that of the average plus two standard deviations for that given month. Depending on which of eight sites studied, between 5% and 7% of the total days exhibited an extreme aerosol event due to either extreme levels of PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and/or fine soil. Grand Canyon exhibited the most extreme event days (120, i.e. , 7% of its total days). Fine soil is the pollutant type that most frequently impacted multiple sites at once at an extreme level. PM 10, PM 2.5, fine soil, non-Asian dust, and Elemental Carbon extreme events occurred most frequently in August. Nearly all Asian dust extreme events occurred between March and June. Extreme Elemental Carbon events have decreased as a function of time with statistical significance, while other pollutant categories did not show any significant change. Extreme events were most frequent for the various pollutant categories on either Wednesday or Thursday, but there was no statistically significant difference in the number of events on any particular day or on weekends versus weekdays.
机译：这项研究使用了整个亚利桑那州十多年来的数据来描述极端气溶胶事件的时空分布，频率和来源，极端气溶胶事件的定义是某天某一物种的浓度超过平均值，再加上该物种的两个标准偏差给定的月份。根据研究的八个地点中的哪一个，由于极端的PM 10，PM 2.5和/或细土，在总天数中有5％至7％会出现极端气溶胶事件。大峡谷展示了最极端的活动日（120天，即占总活动日的7％）。优质土壤是一种污染物类型，最经常一次以极端水平影响多个地点。 8月的PM 10，PM 2.5，细土，非亚洲尘埃和元素碳极端事件最频繁发生。几乎所有亚洲沙尘极端事件都发生在3月至6月之间。极度元素碳事件随时间减少，具有统计意义，而其他污染物类别未显示任何显着变化。在周三或周四，各种污染物类别的极端事件最为频繁，但在任何特定日期或周末与工作日之间，事件数量在统计上均没有统计学上的显着差异。

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