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首页> 外文期刊>Implementation Science >Analyzing the sources and nature of influence: how the Avahan program used evidence to influence HIV/AIDS prevention policy in India
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Analyzing the sources and nature of influence: how the Avahan program used evidence to influence HIV/AIDS prevention policy in India

机译：分析影响的来源和性质：Avahan计划如何利用证据影响印度的HIV / AIDS预防政策

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Background Major investments by development partners in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often seek to develop a supportive policy environment. There is limited knowledge about the mechanisms that development partners use to influence government policy, or which mechanisms are effective. This study assessed the influence of Avahan, a large HIV/AIDS prevention program in India supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, on the development of HIV/AIDS policies in India, particularly the National AIDS Control Program III (NACP III). Methods A retrospective assessment of the contributions of Avahan to the development of NACP III was conducted based upon document review and in-depth interviews with key informants, including Avahan staff and staff of implementing partners. This assessment was carried out within a framework centered on three domains: evidence considered by policy and decision-makers; the channel through which influence is exerted; and the target audience for influence. Results Respondents identified a number of respects in which Avahan influenced NACP III policy, notably, Avahan influenced perception of the feasibility of scaling up services (through a demonstration effect) and Avahan, along with others, helped ensure a strong focus on targeted interventions. Overall Avahan’s influence was greatest during policy implementation. While the extent to which research evidence generated by Avahan influenced NACP III was limited, best practice evidence generated by Avahan, including the lessons learned from routine implementation and management, contributed significantly to NACP III. This was largely due to the credibility Avahan had established and strategic ‘inside track’ communications. Conclusion While studies of knowledge translation typically focus primarily on scientific evidence, this study suggests that other forms of evidence, notably best practice evidence derived from program experience, and disseminated through personal communication, were particularly influential. The framework developed for the paper provides a useful tool to analyze how evidence-based influence is exerted.
机译：背景技术低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的发展伙伴的主要投资通常是寻求发展支持性政策环境。关于发展伙伴用来影响政府政策的机制或有效的机制的知识很少。这项研究评估了由比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会支持的印度大型艾滋病预防计划Avahan对印度艾滋病毒/艾滋病政策，特别是国家艾滋病控制计划III（NACP III）的发展的影响。方法对Avahan对NACP III的发展做出的贡献进行回顾性评估，其依据是文件审查以及与主要信息提供者（包括Avahan员工和实施伙伴员工）的深入访谈。这项评估是在围绕三个领域的框架内进行的：政策和决策者考虑的证据;施加影响的渠​​道;以及具有影响力的目标受众。结果受访者确定了Avahan影响了NACP III政策的多个方面，特别是Avahan影响了扩大服务规模的可行性（通过示范效应），Avahan与其他人一起帮助确保了对目标干预措施的高度关注。在政策实施期间，Avahan的总体影响最大。尽管Avahan产生的研究证据对NACP III的影响程度有限，但Avahan产生的最佳实践证据（包括从常规实施和管理中获得的经验教训）对NACP III做出了重大贡献。这主要是由于Avahan建立了信誉良好的战略性“内部跟踪”通信。结论虽然知识翻译的研究通常主要集中在科学证据上，但这项研究表明，其他形式的证据，尤其是从程序经验中获得的最佳实践证据，以及通过个人交流传播的证据，尤其具有影响力。为本文开发的框架提供了一个有用的工具，可以分析基于证据的影响如何发挥作用。

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