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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of clinical neurophysiology. >Diagnosis and Management of Low Back Pain
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Diagnosis and Management of Low Back Pain

机译：下腰痛的诊断和治疗

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Low back pain is a common clinical condition with heterogeneous causes and challenges to manage. High prevalence andnumerous assessments result in an enormous socioeconomic burden. Clinician must conduct efficient and stepwise evaluationprocess to rule out serious spinal pathology, neurologic involvement, and identify risk factors for chronicity. The processcan be achieved through the focused history taking and physical examination. Certain factors related to serious spinalpathology include age (50 years), trauma, unexplained fever, recent urinary or skin infection, unrelenting night or rest pain,unexplained weight loss, osteoporosis, immunosuppression, steroid use, and widespread neurological symptoms. In non-specificlow back pain, diagnostic imaging and laboratory studies are often unnecessary and can disturb an appropriate management.For the management of acute low back pain, patient education and medication such as acetaminophen, non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs, and muscle relaxants are recommended. For chronic low back pain, behavior therapy, back exercise,and spinal manipulation are beneficial. The evidence based approach could improve success rate of management, result inprevention of acute low back pain from being chronic intractable pain.
机译：腰痛是一种常见的临床病因，其病因和应对方法不一。高患病率和大量评估导致巨大的社会经济负担。临床医生必须进行有效且逐步的评估过程，以排除严重的脊柱病理，神经系统受累，并确定慢性病的危险因素。该过程可以通过集中的历史记录和身体检查来实现。与严重的脊柱病理学有关的某些因素包括年龄（> 50岁），外伤，无法解释的发热，近期尿或皮肤感染，持续的夜间或休息疼痛，无法解释的体重减轻，骨质疏松症，免疫抑制，类固醇使用以及广泛的神经系统症状。在非特异性下腰痛中，通常不需要诊断成像和实验室研究，并且可能会干扰适当的治疗。对于急性下腰痛的治疗，需要对患者进行教育和药物治疗，例如对乙酰氨基酚，非甾体类抗炎药和肌肉松弛药推荐的。对于慢性下腰痛，行为疗法，背部锻炼和脊柱操纵是有益的。基于证据的方法可以提高管理成功率，从而预防急性下腰痛成为慢性顽固性疼痛。

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