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Pharmacy student professional identity formation: a scoping review

机译:药房学生专业身份的形成:范围回顾

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Purpose: Transitioning from being pharmacy students to pharmacists is challenging. Students need to reconcile their professional aspirations and what they have learnt with the realities of practice. A smooth transition can be hampered when they are unable to enact the role they have envisaged or if their expectations are not met. These challenges relate to professional identity. A key challenge for pharmacy educators is how best to support the professional identity formation (PIF) of pharmacy students. To assist with this challenge, we conducted a scoping review to identify factors influencing pharmacy students’ PIF and pedagogical strategies to support PIF. Methods: In September 2018, we undertook a scoping review of all contemporary research investigating pharmacy student PIF including all relevant qualitative, quantitative, theoretical, and gray literature. We searched eight databases for the review: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Australian Education Index, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Literature published between January 2008 and September 2018 was reviewed and screened using inclusion/exclusion criteria. The selected articles were charted and thematically analyzed. Results: We included 22 articles in the review. Studies generally concurred about the importance of attending to PIF throughout the whole pharmacy curriculum. Yet, those studies reporting on pharmacy students’ professional identities found that students experienced challenges forming their identities. While several curriculum interventions supporting PIF have been implemented, these tended to be one-offs and there was an absence of interventions engaging key stakeholders including placement preceptors, other health professionals, and patients/consumers. Conclusion: Supporting the formation of pharmacy students’ professional identity, while recognized as an important goal for pharmacy education, requires further empirical inquiry. Pedagogical practices focused on identity formation including adopting an integrative curricular approach are required.
机译:目的:从药学专业过渡到药剂师具有挑战性。学生需要调和自己的专业志向和所学知识,并与实际实践相吻合。当他们无法履行他们所设想的角色或未达到他们的期望时,可能会阻碍平稳的过渡。这些挑战与职业身份有关。药房教育者面临的主要挑战是如何最好地支持药房学生的专业身份形成(PIF)。为了应对这一挑战,我们进行了范围界定审查,以找出影响药学专业学生PIF的因素以及支持PIF的教学策略。方法:2018年9月,我们对调查药学专业学生PIF的所有当代研究进行了范围界定,包括所有相关的定性,定量,理论和灰色文献。我们搜索了8个数据库进行审查:MEDLINE,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Embase,澳大利亚教育指数,PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science。使用纳入/排除标准对2008年1月至2018年9月之间发表的文献进行了审查和筛选。对选定的文章进行了制图并进行了主题分析。结果:我们在该评价中纳入22篇文章。研究普遍同意在整个药学课程中参加PIF的重要性。然而,那些报告关于药科学生专业身份的研究发现,学生在形成自己的身份时遇到了挑战。尽管已实施了一些支持PIF的课程干预措施,但这些干预措施往往是一次性的,并且没有干预措施可以吸引关键利益相关者,包括安置感官,其他卫生专业人员以及患者/消费者。结论:支持药房学生专业身份的形成虽然被认为是药房教育的重要目标,但仍需要进一步的实证研究。需要着重于身份形成的教学实践,包括采用综合课程方法。

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