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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation >Factors affecting the Luangwa (Zambia) hippo population dynamics within its carrying capacity band Insights for better management
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Factors affecting the Luangwa (Zambia) hippo population dynamics within its carrying capacity band Insights for better management

机译：在其承载力范围内影响Luangwa（赞比亚）河马种群动态的因素

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This study assessed factors regulating the Luangwa (Zambia) hippo population within the carrying capacity band along the 165 km stretch of the Luangwa River, Eastern Zambia. Objectives of the study were to 1) establish whether the hippo population had reached and remained within the carrying capacity band in the last 32 years, and 2) determine the influence on population size and density distribution of grass biomass produced, mortality, non food resources (geomorphologic features) and levels of protection. Total river bank counts were made and global positioning system (GPS) locations of hippo schools recorded. Measurements from culled hippo carcasses were taken to determine sex and age classes. Kidney fat index (KFI) was used to determine body condition. Herbaceous growth was clipped and weighed to assess biomass. River geomorphologic features were taken by flying over the area in a light aircraft. Carrying capacity (K) was found to be 6,000 individuals at a density of 35 per km,oscillating within a carrying capacity band of 2,000 individuals in eight irregular cycles. At?K,recruitment declined; calves and juveniles were 15% of the population and KFI was low at 40% by October. Grass biomass was high at 7, 850 kg/ha in 2008. Mortality did not disrupt population density. It was concluded that food was the main factor regulating hippo population size and density while geomorphologic features influenced the pattern of hippo population density distribution. Further research is required to establish primary production in ‘lean’ and ‘fat’ years and to monitor range trend condition as well as the impact of anthropogenic factors on the hippo population.
机译：这项研究评估了在赞比亚东部Luangwa河165公里段的承载能力范围内调节Luangwa（赞比亚）河马种群的因素。该研究的目的是：1）确定过去32年间河马种群是否已达到并保持在承载能力范围内; 2）确定对种群规模和草种生物量，死亡率，非粮食资源的密度分布的影响（地貌特征）和保护级别。进行河岸总计数并记录河马学校的全球定位系统（GPS）位置。从被淘汰的河马尸体中进行测量以确定性别和年龄等级。肾脏脂肪指数（KFI）用于确定身体状况。修剪草本植物生长并称重以评估生物量。通过用轻型飞机在该区域上空飞行来获取河流的地貌特征。承载能力（K）被发现为6,000个人，密度为每公里35，在八个不规则周期内在2,000个人的承载能力范围内波动。在K点，招聘人数下降;小牛和未成年人占人口的15％，而KFI到10月低至40％。 2008年，草的生物量高达7,850公斤/公顷。死亡率并未破坏种群密度。结论是食物是调节河马种群大小和密度的主要因素，而地貌特征影响河马种群密度的分布格局。需要进一步的研究以建立“瘦”和“胖”年的初级生产，并监测范围趋势状况以及人为因素对河马种群的影响。

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