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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Biophysics >Estimation of Radiation Absorbed Dose to Patients Undergoing Chest X-ray Examination in Four Government Own Hospitals in Nigeria
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Estimation of Radiation Absorbed Dose to Patients Undergoing Chest X-ray Examination in Four Government Own Hospitals in Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚四家公立医院对接受胸部X光检查的患者的辐射吸收剂量的估算

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Medical Imaging accounts for the largest radiation exposure of population from artificial sources of radiation. The radiation dose received by patients from medical X-ray examinations in Nigeria has shown large variations within and among diagnostic centers for similar examinations. This could be traced to lack of imaging protocols and availability of local or national diagnostic reference levels. The purpose of this study is to use film densitometry to estimate radiation absorbed dose to patients undergoing chest X-ray examination in the hospitals where this study was carried out, in order to determine their levels of exposure and compare with internationally recommended limits.Although the radiation doses resulting from diagnostic X-ray examinations are routinely measured in terms of entrance surface dose and effective dose using thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD), film badges, pocket dosimeter and electronic personal dosimeter (EPD). In this study for the purpose of radiation protection, the radiation doses from chest X-ray examination were estimated in terms of Mean Optical Density (MOD), by means of densitometer; model MA 5336, with a range of 0 to 4.0 optical density, an accuracy of ± 0.02 density and reproducibility of ± 0.01 density, manufactured by Gammex, U.S.A. The hospitals where this study was carried out are: hospital A in Ondo State; hospital B in Oyo State; hospitals C and D in Osun State. A total of one hundred and fifty five (155) chest X-ray radiographic films were collected from these hospitals in South – West Nigeria. The optical density of each radiographic film was measured five times at different spots. The MOD was obtained and a mathematical relation was used to convert the MOD to absorbed radiation dose in centi Gray (cGy). The results obtained in this study show that the mean absorbed X-ray dose was 4.04 ± 2.06 cGy in hospital A, 2.77 ± 1.45 cGy in hospital B, 3.01 ± 1.33 cGy in hospital C and 4.23 ± 1.98 cGy in hospital D. These values were compared with the excess dose of 0.10 Gy recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2000), which is considered injurious or harmful to the human body.The absorbed radiation doses to patients at the different hospitals were observed to vary slightly and the percentage of mean absorbed dose above the excess dose was 1.9% of the total number of the films.
机译：医学成像是人工辐射源造成的最大人口辐射暴露。尼日利亚的X射线医学检查患者所接受的辐射剂量显示，诊断中心内部和类似检查之间存在很大差异。这可以归因于缺乏成像方案以及本地或国家诊断参考水平的可用性。这项研究的目的是使用胶片密度计来估计在进行这项研究的医院中接受胸部X射线检查的患者的放射线吸收剂量，以确定他们的暴露水平并与国际上推荐的限值进行比较。诊断X射线检查产生的辐射剂量通常使用热发光剂量计（TLD），光激发发光剂量计（OSLD），胶片徽章，袖珍剂量计和电子个人剂量计（EPD）根据入射表面剂量和有效剂量进行测量。在本研究中，出于辐射防护的目的，通过光密度计根据平均光密度（MOD）估算了胸部X射线检查产生的辐射剂量。 MA 5336型，光密度范围为0至4.0，精度为±0.02，再现性为±0.01，由美国Gammex制造。进行这项研究的医院是：Ondo州的A医院;奥约州B医院;奥森州C和D医院。从尼日利亚西南部的这些医院收集了总共一百五十五（155）张胸部X光片。在不同的点处测量五次每个射线照相胶片的光密度。获得了MOD，并使用数学关系式将MOD转换为以厘厘灰色（cGy）为单位的吸收辐射剂量。这项研究获得的结果表明，医院A的平均X射线吸收剂量为4.04±2.06 cGy，医院B为2.77±1.45 cGy，医院C为3.01±1.33 cGy，医院D为4.23±1.98 cGy。与国际放射防护委员会（ICRP，2000）建议的过量0.10 Gy进行比较，该过量被认为对人体有害或有害。观察到不同医院对患者的吸收辐射剂量略有不同，并且超出过量剂量的平均吸收剂量的百分数为膜总数的1.9％。

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