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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Cancer, Infant Mortality and Birth Sex-Ratio in Fallujah, Iraq 2005–2009?
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Cancer, Infant Mortality and Birth Sex-Ratio in Fallujah, Iraq 2005–2009?

机译：2005-2009年伊拉克费卢杰的癌症，婴儿死亡率和出生性别比？

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There have been anecdotal reports of increases in birth defects and cancer in Fallujah, Iraq blamed on the use of novel weapons (possibly including depleted uranium) in heavy fighting which occurred in that town between US led forces and local elements in 2004. In Jan/Feb 2010 the authors organised a team of researchers who visited 711 houses in Fallujah, Iraq and obtained responses to a questionnaire in Arabic on cancer, birth defects and infant mortality. The total population in the resulting sample was 4,843 persons with and overall response rate was better than 60%. Relative Risks for cancer were age-standardised and compared to rates in the Middle East Cancer Registry (MECC, Garbiah Egypt) for 1999 and rates in Jordan 1996–2001. Between Jan 2005 and the survey end date there were 62 cases of cancer malignancy reported (RR = 4.22; CI: 2.8, 6.6; p < 0.00000001) including 16 cases of childhood cancer 0-14 (RR = 12.6; CI: 4.9, 32; p < 0.00000001). Highest risks were found in all-leukaemia in the age groups 0-34 (20 cases RR = 38.5; CI: 19.2, 77; p < 0.00000001), all lymphoma 0–34 (8 cases, RR = 9.24;CI: 4.12, 20.8; p < 0.00000001), female breast cancer 0–44 (12 cases RR = 9.7;CI: 3.6, 25.6; p < 0.00000001) and brain tumours all ages (4 cases, RR = 7.4;CI: 2.4, 23.1; P < 0.004). Infant mortality was based on the mean birth rate over the 4 year period 2006–2009 with 1/6th added for cases reported in January and February 2010. There were 34 deaths in the age group 0–1 in this period giving a rate of 80 deaths per 1,000 births. This may be compared with a rate of 19.8 in Egypt (RR = 4.2 p < 0.00001) 17 in Jordan in 2008 and 9.7 in Kuwait in 2008. The mean birth sex-ratio in the recent 5-year cohort was anomalous. Normally the sex ratio in human populations is a constant with 1,050 boys born to 1,000 girls. This is disturbed if there is a genetic damage stress. The ratio of boys to 1,000 girls in the 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 and 15–19 age cohorts in the Fallujah sample were 860, 1,182, 1,108 and 1,010 respectively suggesting genetic damage to the 0–4 group (p < 0.01). Whilst the results seem to qualitatively support the existence of serious mutation-related health effects in Fallujah, owing to the structural problems associated with surveys of this kind, care should be exercised in interpreting the findings quantitatively.
机译：有轶事报道称，伊拉克费卢杰的出生缺陷和癌症增加，这归咎于2004年美国领导部队与当地人员之间在该镇发生的激烈战斗中使用了新型武器（可能包括贫铀）。 2010年2月，作者组建了一个研究小组，他们访问了伊拉克费卢杰的711栋房屋，并获得了一份有关癌症，出生缺陷和婴儿死亡率的阿拉伯语问卷的答复。结果样本中的总人口为4,843人，总缓解率优于60％。对癌症的相对风险进行了年龄标准化，并与1999年中东癌症登记处（MECC，埃及加比亚）的比率和1996-2001年约旦的比率进行了比较。在2005年1月至调查结束日期之间，报告了62例癌症恶性肿瘤（RR = 4.22; CI：2.8、6.6; p <0.00000001），包括16例0-14岁儿童癌症（RR = 12.6; CI：4.9、32） ; p <0.00000001）。在0-34岁年龄段的全白血病中发现最高风险（20例RR = 38.5; CI：19.2、77; p <0.00000001），所有淋巴瘤0-34（8例，RR = 9.24; CI：4.12， 20.8; p <0.00000001），女性乳腺癌0-44（12例RR = 9.7; CI：3.6、25.6; p <0.00000001）和所有年龄段的脑肿瘤（4例，RR = 7.4; CI：2.4、23.1; P <0.004）。婴儿死亡率是基于2006-2009年的4年平均出生率得出的，2010年1月和2010年2月报告的病例增加了1/6。在此期间，0-1岁年龄段有34例死亡，这一比率为80每1000胎死亡。与此相比，2008年埃及的约旦比率为19.8（RR = 4.2 p <0.00001）17，2008年的比率为9.7。最近5年队列的平均出生性别比是异常的。通常，人口中的性别比是恒定的，有1,050名男孩和1,000名女孩。如果存在遗传损伤压力，这将受到干扰。费卢杰样本中0–4、5–9、10–14和15–19岁年龄组的男孩与1,000名女孩的比例分别为860、1182、1108和1,010，这表明0-4组的遗传受损（p <0.01）。尽管这些结果似乎从质量上支持了费卢杰存在与突变相关的严重健康影响，但由于与此类调查相关的结构性问题，在定量解释研究结果时应格外小心。

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