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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Evaluation of Drinking Water Disinfectant Byproducts Compliance Data as an Indirect Measure for Short-Term Exposure in Humans
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Evaluation of Drinking Water Disinfectant Byproducts Compliance Data as an Indirect Measure for Short-Term Exposure in Humans

机译：饮用水消毒副产物合规性数据的评估，作为间接暴露于人类的间接措施

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In the absence of shorter term disinfectant byproducts (DBPs) data on regulated Trihalomethanes (THMs) and Haloacetic acids (HAAs), epidemiologists and risk assessors have used long-term annual compliance (LRAA) or quarterly (QA) data to evaluate the association between DBP exposure and adverse birth outcomes, which resulted in inconclusive findings. Therefore, we evaluated the reliability of using long-term LRAA and QA data as an indirect measure for short-term exposure. Short-term residential tap water samples were collected in peak DBP months (May–August) in a community water system with five separate treatment stations and were sourced from surface or groundwater. Samples were analyzed for THMs and HAAs per the EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) standard methods (524.2 and 552.2). The measured levels of total THMs and HAAs were compared temporally and spatially with LRAA and QA data, which showed significant differences ( p < 0.05). Most samples from surface water stations showed higher levels than LRAA or QA. Significant numbers of samples in surface water stations exceeded regulatory permissible limits: 27% had excessive THMs and 35% had excessive HAAs. Trichloromethane, trichloroacetic acid, and dichloroacetic acid were the major drivers of variability. This study suggests that LRAA and QA data are not good proxies of short-term exposure. Further investigation is needed to determine if other drinking water systems show consistent findings for improved regulation.
机译：在缺乏受监管的三卤甲烷（THM）和卤代乙酸（HAA）的短期消毒副产物（DBP）数据的情况下，流行病学家和风险评估人员已使用长期年度合规性（LRAA）或每季度（QA）数据来评估DBP暴露和不良的出生结局，导致没有定论的发现。因此，我们评估了使用长期LRAA和QA数据作为短期暴露的间接测度的可靠性。短期住宅自来水样品是在DBP高峰月份（5月至8月）在一个社区水系统中收集的，该系统具有五个单独的处理站，并从地表水或地下水中获取。按照EPA（美国环境保护局）标准方法（524.2和552.2）分析样品中的THM和HAA。在时间和空间上将测得的总THM和HAA水平与LRAA和QA数据进行比较，显示出显着差异（p <0.05）。来自地表水站的大多数样品显示出比LRAA或QA高的水平。地表水站中的大量样本超过了法规允许的限值：27％的THM过量，而35％的HAA过量。三氯甲烷，三氯乙酸和二氯乙酸是变化的主要驱动因素。这项研究表明，LRAA和QA数据不是短期暴露的良好代表。需要进一步调查以确定其他饮用水系统是否显示出一致的发现以改善监管。

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