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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >The Epidemiology of Food Allergy in the Global Context
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The Epidemiology of Food Allergy in the Global Context

机译：全球背景下的食物过敏流行病学

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There is a lack of high-quality evidence based on the gold standard of oral food challenges to determine food allergy prevalence. Nevertheless, studies using surrogate measures of food allergy, such as health service utilization and clinical history, together with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), provide compelling data that the prevalence of food allergy is increasing in both Western and developing countries. In Western countries, challenge-diagnosed food allergy has been reported to be as high as 10%, with the greatest prevalence noted among younger children. There is also growing evidence of increasing prevalence in developing countries, with rates of challenge-diagnosed food allergy in China and Africa reported to be similar to that in Western countries. An interesting observation is that children of East Asian or African descent born in a Western environment are at higher risk of food allergy compared to Caucasian children; this intriguing finding emphasizes the importance of genome-environment interactions and forecasts future increases in food allergy in Asia and Africa as economic growth continues in these regions. While cow’s milk and egg allergy are two of the most common food allergies in most countries, diverse patterns of food allergy can be observed in individual geographic regions determined by each country’s feeding patterns. More robust studies investigating food allergy prevalence, particularly in Asia and the developing world, are necessary to understand the extent of the food allergy problem and identify preventive strategies to cope with the potential increase in these regions.
机译：缺乏基于口服食物挑战的金标准来确定食物过敏发生率的高质量证据。然而，使用替代食物过敏措施（例如卫生服务利用和临床病史）以及过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）进行的研究提供了令人信服的数据，表明西方国家和发展中国家的食物过敏率都在增加。在西方国家，据报道经挑战诊断的食物过敏率高达10％，在幼儿中患病率最高。越来越多的证据表明，发展中国家的患病率正在增加，据报道，在中国和非洲，经挑战诊断的食物过敏率与西方国家相近。一个有趣的发现是，与白人儿童相比，在西方环境中出生的东亚或非洲人后裔的食物过敏风险更高;这一有趣的发现强调了基因组与环境相互作用的重要性，并预测了随着这些地区经济的持续增长，亚洲和非洲未来食物过敏的增加。虽然牛奶和鸡蛋过敏是大多数国家/地区最常见的两种食物过敏，但在每个国家/地区的喂养方式决定的各个地理区域中，都可以观察到多种食物过敏模式。为了了解食品过敏问题的严重程度并确定预防策略以应对这些地区的潜在增长，必须进行更强有力的研究，尤其是在亚洲和发展中国家，以调查食品过敏的发生率。

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