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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Economic Evaluations of the Health Impacts of Weather-Related Extreme Events: A Scoping Review
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Economic Evaluations of the Health Impacts of Weather-Related Extreme Events: A Scoping Review

机译：与天气有关的极端事件对健康的影响的经济评估：范围研究

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The frequency and severity of extreme events is expected to increase under climate change. There is a need to understand the economic consequences of human exposure to these extreme events, to underpin decisions on risk reduction. We undertook a scoping review of economic evaluations of the adverse health effects from exposure to weather-related extreme events. We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases with no restrictions to the type of evaluations. Twenty studies were included, most of which were recently published. Most studies have been undertaken in the U.S. (nine studies) or Asia (seven studies), whereas we found no studies in Africa, Central and Latin America nor the Middle East. Extreme temperatures accounted for more than a third of the pool of studies (seven studies), closely followed by flooding (six studies). No economic study was found on drought. Whilst studies were heterogeneous in terms of objectives and methodology, they clearly indicate that extreme events will become a pressing public health issue with strong welfare and distributional implications. The current body of evidence, however, provides little information to support decisions on the allocation of scarce resources between risk reduction options. In particular, the review highlights a significant lack of research attention to the potential cost-effectiveness of interventions that exploit the capacity of natural ecosystems to reduce our exposure to, or ameliorate the consequences of, extreme events.
机译：在气候变化下，极端事件的频率和严重性预计会增加。有必要了解人类暴露于这些极端事件的经济后果，以支持降低风险的决策。我们对暴露于与天气有关的极端事件对健康造成的不利影响进行了经济评估的范围界定审查。我们搜索了PubMed，Embase和Web of Science数据库，而对评估类型没有限制。包括二十项研究，其中大多数是最近发表的。大多数研究是在美国（九项研究）或亚洲（七项研究）中进行的，而我们在非洲，中美洲和拉丁美洲以及中东都没有进行过研究。极端温度占研究总数（七项研究）的三分之一以上，紧随其后的是洪水（六项研究）。没有关于干旱的经济研究。尽管研究在目标和方法上是异类的，但它们清楚地表明，极端事件将成为紧迫的公共卫生问题，具有很强的福利和分配影响。但是，目前的证据很少提供信息来支持有关在减少风险的备选方案之间分配稀缺资源的决策。特别是，该评论强调指出，对于利用自然生态系统的能力来减少我们暴露于极端事件或减轻极端事件后果的干预措施的潜在成本效益，研究缺乏足够的关注。

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