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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Is Multidirectional UV Exposure Responsible for Increasing Melanoma Prevalence with Altitude? A Hypothesis Based on Calculations with a 3D-Human Exposure Model
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Is Multidirectional UV Exposure Responsible for Increasing Melanoma Prevalence with Altitude? A Hypothesis Based on Calculations with a 3D-Human Exposure Model

机译：多方向紫外线暴露是否会随着海拔的升高而增加黑色素瘤的患病率？基于3D人体暴露模型计算的假设

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In a recent study, melanoma incidence rates for Austrian inhabitants living at higher altitudes were found to increase by as much as 30% per 100 m altitude. This strong increase cannot simply be explained by the known increase of erythemally-weighted irradiance with altitude, which ranges between 0.5% and 4% per 100 m. We assume that the discrepancy is partially explainable by upwelling UV radiation; e.g., reflected by snow-covered surfaces. Therefore, we present an approach where the human UV exposure is derived by integrating incident radiation over the 3D geometry of a human body, which enables us to take upwelling radiation into account. Calculating upwelling and downwelling radiance with a radiative transfer model for a snow-free valley and for snow-covered mountain terrain (with albedo of 0.6) yields an increase in UV exposure by 10% per 100 m altitude. The results imply that upwelling radiation plays a significant role in the increase of melanoma incidence with altitude.
机译：在最近的一项研究中，发现生活在较高海拔的奥地利居民的黑色素瘤发病率每100 m高度增加多达30％。这种强烈的增加不能简单地用已知的红斑加权辐照度随高度的增加来解释，其范围为每100 m 0.5％至4％。我们假设这种差异可以部分地通过上升的紫外线辐射来解释。例如，被积雪覆盖的表面反射。因此，我们提出了一种方法，其中，通过将入射辐射整合到人体的3D几何体上来得出人体的紫外线暴露，这使我们能够考虑上升流辐射。对于无雪山谷和积雪覆盖的山地地形（反照率为0.6），使用辐射转移模型计算上升和下降的辐射率，会使每100 m高度的紫外线暴露增加10％。结果暗示上升流辐射在黑色素瘤发病率随海拔的升高中起重要作用。

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