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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Delay Discounting as an Index of Sustainable Behavior: Devaluation of Future Air Quality and Implications for Public Health
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Delay Discounting as an Index of Sustainable Behavior: Devaluation of Future Air Quality and Implications for Public Health

机译：延迟贴现作为可持续行为的指标：未来空气质量的贬值及其对公共卫生的影响

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Poor air quality and resulting annual deaths represent significant public health concerns. Recently, rapid delay discounting (the devaluation of future outcomes) of air quality has been considered a potential barrier for engaging in long term, sustainable behaviors that might help to reduce emissions (e.g., reducing private car use, societal support for clean air initiatives). Delay discounting has been shown to be predictive of real world behavior outside of laboratory settings, and therefore may offer an important framework beyond traditional variables thought to measure sustainable behavior such as importance of an environmental issue, or environmental attitudes/values, although more research is needed in this area. We examined relations between discounting of air quality, respiratory health, and monetary gains and losses. We also examined, relations between discounting and self-reported importance of air quality and respiratory health, and nature relatedness. Results showed rapid delay discounting of all outcomes across the time frames assessed, and significant positive correlations between delay discounting of air quality, respiratory health, and monetary outcomes. Steeper discounting of monetary outcomes relative to air quality and respiratory health outcomes was observed in the context of gains; however, no differences in discounting were observed across losses of monetary, air quality, and respiratory health. Replicating the sign effect, monetary outcomes were discounted more steeply than monetary losses. Importance of air quality, respiratory health and nature relatedness were significantly and positively correlated with one another, but not with degree of delay discounting of any outcome, demonstrating the need for more comprehensive measures that predict pro-environmental behaviors that might benefit individuals and public health over time. These results add to our understanding of decision-making, and demonstrate alarming rates of delay discounting of air quality and health. These results implicate a major public health concern and potential barriers to individual and societal behavior that reduce pollution and emissions for conservation of clean air.
机译：空气质量差和由此导致的年度死亡代表重大的公共卫生问题。最近，空气质量的快速延迟贴现（对未来成果的贬值）被认为是从事长期，可持续行为的潜在障碍，这种行为可能有助于减少排放（例如，减少私家车的使用，对清洁空气倡议的社会支持） 。延迟贴现已被证明可以预测实验室环境之外的现实行为，因此，尽管传统的变量研究（如环境问题的重要性或环境态度/价值）可以被认为是衡量可持续行为的传统变量，但它可能会提供一个重要的框架。这方面需要的。我们研究了空气质量折价，呼吸系统健康与金钱得失之间的关系。我们还研究了空气质量和呼吸健康的折中与自我报告重要性之间的关系以及与自然的相关性。结果显示，在评估的时间范围内，所有结局均出现快速延误贴现，空气质量延误贴现，呼吸系统健康和财务结果之间存在显着正相关。在收益的背景下，观察到相对于空气质量和呼吸健康结果而言，货币结果的折扣率很高;但是，在金钱，空气质量和呼吸健康的损失方面，没有发现折现的差异。复制符号效应，货币结果的折让比货币损失的折让更大。空气质量，呼吸健康和自然相关性的重要性相互之间呈显着正相关，但与任何结果的延误程度没有显着正相关，这表明需要采取更全面的措施来预测可能有益于个人和公共健康的环保行为。随着时间的推移。这些结果加深了我们对决策的理解，并证明了空气质量和健康延误折扣的惊人比率。这些结果暗示了主要的公共卫生问题，以及对个人和社会行为的潜在障碍，这些障碍减少了污染和排放量，从而保护了清洁空气。

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