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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Assessment of Exposure to VOCs among Pregnant Women in the National Children’s Study
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Assessment of Exposure to VOCs among Pregnant Women in the National Children’s Study

机译：在全国儿童研究中评估孕妇的挥发性有机化合物暴露量

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Epidemiologic studies can measure exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using environmental samples, biomarkers, questionnaires, or observations. These different exposure assessment approaches each have advantages and disadvantages; thus, evaluating relationships is an important consideration. In the National Children’s Vanguard Study from 2009 to 2010, participants completed questionnaires and data collectors observed VOC exposure sources and collected urine samples from 488 third trimester pregnant women at in-person study visits. From urine, we simultaneously quantified 28 VOC metabolites of exposure to acrolein, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, benzene, 1-bromopropane, 1,3-butadiene, carbon disulfide, crotonaldehyde, cyanide, N,N -dimethylformamide, ethylbenzene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and xylene exposures using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI/MSMS) method. Urinary thiocyanate was measured using an ion chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method (IC-ESI/MSMS). We modeled the relationship between urinary VOC metabolite concentrations and sources of VOC exposure. Sources of exposure were assessed by participant report via questionnaire (use of air fresheners, aerosols, paint or varnish, organic solvents, and passive/active smoking) and by observations by a trained data collector (presence of scented products in homes). We found several significant ( p < 0.01) relationships between the urinary metabolites of VOCs and sources of VOC exposure. Smoking was positively associated with metabolites of the tobacco constituents acrolein, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, crotonaldehyde, cyanide, ethylene oxide, N,N -dimethylformamide, propylene oxide, styrene, and xylene. Study location was negatively associated with the toluene metabolite N -acetyl- S -(benzyl)- l -cysteine (BMA), and paint use was positively associated with the xylene metabolites 2-methylhippuric acid (2MHA) and 3-Methylhippuric acid & 4-methylhippuric acid (3MHA + 4MHA). A near-significant ( p = 0.06) relationship was observed between acrylamide metabolites and observation of incense.
机译：流行病学研究可以使用环境样品，生物标志物，调查表或观察数据来测量对挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的暴露程度。这些不同的暴露评估方法各有利弊。因此，评估关系是一个重要的考虑因素。在2009年至2010年的全国儿童先锋研究中，参与者完成了问卷调查，数据收集者观察了VOC暴露源，并在亲自访问研究时收集了488名妊娠中期孕妇的尿液样本。我们从尿液中同时量化了28种接触丙烯醛，丙烯酰胺，丙烯腈，苯，1-溴丙烷，1,3-丁二烯，二硫化碳，巴豆醛，氰化物，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺，乙苯，环氧乙烷，环氧丙烷的VOC代谢产物，苯乙烯，四氯乙烯，甲苯，三氯乙烯，氯乙烯和二甲苯的暴露，使用超高效液相色谱结合电喷雾电离串联质谱法（UPLC-ESI / MSMS）。使用离子色谱仪结合电喷雾电离串联质谱法（IC-ESI / MSMS）测量尿中的硫氰酸根。我们模拟了尿中VOC代谢物浓度和VOC暴露源之间的关系。参与者通过问卷调查报告（使用空气清新剂，气雾剂，油漆或清漆，有机溶剂以及被动/主动吸烟）和受过训练的数据收集者的观察（家庭中是否有香精产品）进行评估，以评估接触源。我们发现VOCs的尿代谢产物和VOC暴露源之间存在几个重要的关系（p <0.01）。吸烟与烟草成分丙烯醛，丙烯酰胺，丙烯腈，1,3-丁二烯，巴豆醛，氰化物，环氧乙烷，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺，环氧丙烷，苯乙烯和二甲苯的代谢产物呈正相关。研究地点与甲苯代谢物N-乙酰基-S-（苄基）-1-半胱氨酸（BMA）呈负相关，涂料使用与二甲苯代谢物2-甲基马尿酸（2MHA）和3-甲基马尿酸呈正相关4 -甲基马尿酸（3MHA + 4MHA）。在丙烯酰胺代谢产物和熏香之间观察到近乎显着的（p = 0.06）关系。

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