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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Health Risks Associated with Occupational Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution in Commercial Drivers: A Systematic Review
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Health Risks Associated with Occupational Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution in Commercial Drivers: A Systematic Review

机译：商业接触职业驾驶员环境空气污染的健康风险：系统评价

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Ambient air pollution is a major global health problem and commercial drivers are particularly exposed to it. As no systematic assessment of the health risks associated with occupational exposure to ambient air pollution in this population had yet been carried out, we conducted a systematic review using a protocol-driven strategy. Papers published from inception to April 20, 2018 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, African journals online, the Cochrane library, ISRCTN WHO ICTRP, and the Web of Science and Scopus databases were screened for inclusion by two independent reviewers. Original articles with at least an available abstract in English or French were included. The initial search retrieved 1454 published articles of which 20 articles were included. Three studies reported a significant difference in white blood cells (10 6 /L) among commercial motorcyclists compared to rural inhabitants (5.041 ± 1.209 vs. 5.900 ± 1.213, p = 0.001), an increased risk of lung cancer (RR = 1.6, 95%CI 1.5–1.8) in bus drivers and an increased standardized mortality ratio (SMR) in bus drivers from Hodgkin’s lymphoma (SMR 2.17, 95%CI 1.19–3.87) compared to white-collar workers. Other studies also found that drivers had more oxidative DNA damage and chromosome breaks. Four papers failed to demonstrate that the drivers were more exposed to air pollution than the controls. Three other studies also reported no significant difference in lung function parameters and respiratory symptoms. The genetic polymorphisms of detoxifying enzymes were also not homogeneously distributed compared to the controls. There is some evidence that occupational exposure to ambient air pollution among commercial drivers is associated with adverse health outcomes, but the existing literature is limited, with few studies on small sample size, methodological weaknesses, and contradictory findings—thus, further research is recommended.
机译：环境空气污染是全球主要的健康问题，商业驱动因素尤其容易受到污染。由于尚未对该人群中与职业暴露于环境空气污染有关的健康风险进行系统的评估，因此我们使用协议驱动的策略进行了系统的评估。两位独立审稿人筛选了从成立到2018年4月20日在MEDLINE，EMBASE，CINAHL，非洲在线期刊，Cochrane图书馆，ISRCTN WHO ICTRP，以及Web of Science和Scopus数据库中发表的论文，以供其纳入。包括原创文章，至少包含可用的英文或法文摘要。初始搜索检索了1454篇发表的文章，其中包括20篇文章。三项研究报告说，与农村居民相比，商业电单车司机的白细胞（10 6 / L）有显着差异（5.041±1.209与5.900±1.213，p = 0.001），罹患肺癌的风险增加（RR = 1.6，95）与白领工人相比，公交车司机的百分比CI为1.5–1.8），霍奇金淋巴瘤公交车司机的标准死亡率（SMR 2.17，95％CI 1.19–3.87）增加。其他研究还发现，驱动程序具有更多的氧化DNA损伤和染色体断裂。四篇论文未能证明驾驶员比对照组更容易受到空气污染。其他三项研究也报告肺功能参数和呼吸道症状无显着差异。与对照相比，解毒酶的遗传多态性也不均匀。有证据表明，商业驾驶者职业暴露于环境空气污染与不良健康后果相关，但现有文献有限，很少有关于小样本量，方法学弱点和矛盾性发现的研究，因此，建议进行进一步研究。

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