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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Domestic Asbestos Exposure: A Review of Epidemiologic and Exposure Data
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Domestic Asbestos Exposure: A Review of Epidemiologic and Exposure Data

机译：国内石棉接触：流行病学和接触数据回顾

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Inhalation of asbestos resulting from living with and handling the clothing of workers directly exposed to asbestos has been established as a possible contributor to disease. This review evaluates epidemiologic studies of asbestos-related disease or conditions (mesothelioma, lung cancer, and pleural and interstitial abnormalities) among domestically exposed individuals and exposure studies that provide either direct exposure measurements or surrogate measures of asbestos exposure. A meta-analysis of studies providing relative risk estimates (n = 12) of mesothelioma was performed, resulting in a summary relative risk estimate (SRRE) of 5.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.48–10.13). This SRRE pertains to persons domestically exposed via workers involved in occupations with a traditionally high risk of disease from exposure to asbestos (i.e., asbestos product manufacturing workers, insulators, shipyard workers, and asbestos miners). The epidemiologic studies also show an elevated risk of interstitial, but more likely pleural, abnormalities (n = 6), though only half accounted for confounding exposures. The studies are limited with regard to lung cancer (n = 2). Several exposure-related studies describe results from airborne samples collected within the home (n = 3), during laundering of contaminated clothing (n = 1) or in controlled exposure simulations (n = 5) of domestic exposures, the latter of which were generally associated with low-level chrysotile-exposed workers. Lung burden studies (n = 6) were also evaluated as a surrogate of exposure. In general, available results for domestic exposures are lower than the workers’ exposures. Recent simulations of low-level chrysotile-exposed workers indicate asbestos levels commensurate with background concentrations in those exposed domestically.
机译：与直接接触石棉的工人同住并处理其衣服而导致的石棉吸入已被确定为可能导致疾病的原因。这篇综述评估了在国内接触的个体中与石棉有关的疾病或状况（间皮瘤，肺癌以及胸膜和间质异常）的流行病学研究，以及提供直接接触或替代石棉接触指标的接触研究。对提供间皮瘤相对风险评估（n = 12）的研究进行了荟萃分析，得出的相对风险评估（SRRE）为5.02（95％置信区间[CI]：2.48–10.13）。该SRRE适用于通过从事石棉产品制造工人，绝缘子，造船厂工人和石棉矿工等传统上具有较高疾病风险的职业所涉及的工人在国内暴露的人员。流行病学研究还显示，虽然只有一半的原因解释了混杂的暴露，但存在较高的间质性但更可能是胸膜异常的风险（n = 6）。有关肺癌的研究有限（n = 2）。几项与暴露相关的研究描述了在家庭中（n = 3），污染衣物的洗涤（n = 1）或家庭暴露的受控暴露模拟（n = 5）中收集的空气传播样品的结果，其中后者通常是与低度温石棉接触工人有关。肺负荷研究（n = 6）也被评估为暴露的替代指标。通常，可用于家庭暴露的结果低于工人暴露的结果。最近对低度温石棉工人的模拟表明，在国内暴露的石棉含量与背景浓度相当。

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