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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Development and Validation of the Vending Evaluation for Nutrient-Density (VEND)ing Audit
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Development and Validation of the Vending Evaluation for Nutrient-Density (VEND)ing Audit

机译：营养密度（VEND）审核自动售货评估的开发和验证

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Background: This paper describes the development and validation of the Vending Evaluation for Nutrient-Density (VEND)ing audit to comprehensively evaluate vended products based upon healthfulness, price and promotion, and machine accessibility. Methods: A novel vending nutrient-density score was created to determine the healthfulness of vended snack/beverage products. Field tested in United States colleges, VENDing audit (∑nutrient-density + 10 × % healthy products) and Support sub-scores (price + promotion + accessibility) were calculated for snack/beverage machines. Higher scores indicate more healthful vending options and supports for choosing healthfully. Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-Vending (NEMS-V) was used to validate the nutrient-density score for a sub-sample of machines. Sensitivity and specificity were computed by comparing the number of healthy snacks/beverages determined by NEMS-V and the VENDing nutrient-density scores. Results: Researchers conducted the VENDing audit on 228 snack/beverage vending machines at 9 universities within the United States and used both VENDing and NEMS-V on 33 snack and 52 beverage vending machines. Mean VENDing audit scores were 4.5 ± 2.0 (2.6, 3.4) and 2.6 ± 2.0 (0, 12) for snack/beverage machines, respectively. The number of products considered healthy assessed with both the VENDing nutrient-density scores and the NEMS-V were positively correlated for beverages ( r = 0.687, p 0.001) and snacks ( r = 0.366, p 0.05). The sensitivity was excellent for beverages (0.83) and moderate for snacks (0.69); while the specificity was moderate for both beverages (0.66) and snacks (0.50). Conclusions: The VENDing audit uses unique, valid, and reliable nutrient-density scoring to evaluate snacks/beverages along a continuum of healthful criteria and comprehensively evaluates the full vending environment.
机译：背景：本文介绍了营养密度自动售货评估（VEND）审核的开发和验证，以基于健康，价格和促销以及机器可及性全面评估自动售货产品。方法：创建了一个新的自动售货营养密度评分，以确定所售零食/饮料产品的健康性。在美国大学中进行了现场测试，计算了零食/饮料机的VENDing审核（∑营养素密度+ 10×健康产品的百分比）和支持子得分（价格+促销+可及性）。较高的分数表示更健康的自动售货选项，并支持健康选择。营养环境措施调查自动售货机（NEMS-V）用于验证机器子样本的营养密度评分。通过比较由NEMS-V和VENDing营养密度评分确定的健康零食/饮料的数量来计算敏感性和特异性。结果：研究人员对美国9所大学的228台小吃/饮料自动售货机进行了VENDing审核，并在33台小吃和52台饮料自动售货机上同时使用了VENDing和NEMS-V。零食/饮料机的平均VENDing审核分数分别为4.5±2.0（2.6、3.4）和2.6±2.0（0、12）。通过饮料营养密度评分和NEMS-V评估为健康的产品数量与饮料（r = 0.687，p <0.001）和零食（r = 0.366，p <0.05）呈正相关。饮料的敏感性极佳（0.83），零食的敏感性极佳（0.69）;饮料（0.66）和零食（0.50）的特异性中等。结论：VENDing审核使用独特，有效和可靠的营养素密度评分，以连续的健康标准评估零食/饮料，并全面评估整个自动售货环境。

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