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Analysis of Ecological Quality of the Environment and Influencing Factors in China during 2005–2010

机译：2005-2010年中国环境生态质量及其影响因素分析

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摘要

Since the twentieth century, China has been facing various kinds of environmental problems. It is necessary to evaluate and analyze the ecological status of the environment over China, which is of great importance for environmental protection measures. In this article, an Eco-environmental Quality Index (EQI) model is established using national remote sensing land-use data, NDVI data from MODIS and other statistical data. The model is used to evaluate the ecological status over China during 2005, 2008 and 2010, and spatial and temporal variations in EQI are analyzed during the period 2005–2010. We also discuss important factors affecting ecological quality, with special emphasis on meteorological conditions (including rainfall and sunshine duration) and anthropogenic factors (including normalized population and gross domestic product densities). The results show that, EQIs in northwestern China are generally lower than those in the southeast of the country, presenting a ladder-like distribution. There is significant correlation between EQI, rainfall and sunshine duration. Population density and GDP also have some relation to EQI. On the whole, the environmental quality results showed little variation during 2005–2010, with national average EQIs of 54.86, 55.07 and 54.43 in 2005, 2008 and 2010, respectively. During 2005–2010, differences in EQI were observed at the local level, but those at the provincial level were small.
机译：自二十世纪以来，中国一直面临着各种各样的环境问题。有必要对我国环境的生态状况进行评价和分析，这对环境保护措施具有重要意义。本文利用国家遥感土地利用数据，MODIS的NDVI数据和其他统计数据建立了生态环境质量指数（EQI）模型。该模型用于评估2005、2008和2010年中国的生态状况，并分析了2005-2010年EQI的时空变化。我们还将讨论影响生态质量的重要因素，特别着重于气象条件（包括降雨和日照持续时间）和人为因素（包括正常化人口和国内生产总值密度）。结果表明，中国西北地区的EQI普遍低于该国东南地区的EQI，呈阶梯状分布。 EQI，降雨量和日照持续时间之间存在显着相关。人口密度和GDP也与EQI有一定关系。总体而言，2005-2010年的环境质量结果变化不大，2005年，2008年和2010年的全国平均EQI分别为54.86、55.07和54.43。在2005年至2010年期间，地方一级的EQI差异很大，而省一级的EQI差异很小。

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