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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Linking Geospatial and Laboratory Sciences to Define Mechanisms behind Landscape Level Drivers of Anthrax Outbreaks
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Linking Geospatial and Laboratory Sciences to Define Mechanisms behind Landscape Level Drivers of Anthrax Outbreaks

机译：将地理空间和实验室科学联系起来，确定炭疽暴发的景观水平驱动因素背后的机制

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Background : A seasonal predictor of anthrax outbreaks is rainfall, which may be approximated by NDVI using remote sensing. How rainfall or vegetative green-up influences bacterial physiology or microecology to drive anthrax outbreaks is not known. Methods : Rainfall and NDVI dependency of anthrax epizootics was demonstrated with global and local phenological analysis. Growth analysis of B. anthracis in response to pH and calcium gradients was carried out. The influence of pH and calcium levels on expression of toxin and sporulation related proteins in broth culture models was characterized using engineered B. anthracis luminescent reporter strains. Results : Short-term bacterial growth and longer-term bacterial survival were altered by pH and calcium. These conditions also played a major role in pagA and sspB promoter-driven luminescent expression in B. anthracis. Conclusions : Rainfall induced cycling of pH and calcium in soils plays a plausible role in amplifying spore load and persistence in endemic anthrax zones. Observed evidence of B. anthracis favoring soil alkalinity and high soil calcium levels in the environment were linked to physiological conditions that promote bacterial growth, survival, toxin secretion and spore formation; illustrating the utility of bringing laboratory-based (controlled) microbiology experiments into the fold of zoonotic disease ecology.
机译：背景：炭疽病暴发的季节预测因子是降雨，NDVI可以使用遥感来估算。降雨或植物绿化如何影响细菌生理学或微生态学来驱使炭疽病暴发尚不清楚。方法：通过整体和局部物候分析，证明了炭疽流行病的降雨和NDVI依赖性。进行了炭疽芽孢杆菌响应pH和钙梯度的生长分析。 pH和钙水平对肉汤培养模型中毒素表达和孢子形成相关蛋白的影响使用工程炭疽杆菌发光报告菌株进行了表征。结果：pH和钙改变了短期细菌的生长和长期细菌的存活。这些条件在炭疽芽孢杆菌的pagA和sspB启动子驱动的发光表达中也起着重要作用。结论：降雨引起的土壤中pH和钙的循环在扩大地方性炭疽地区的孢子负荷和持久性中起着合理的作用。炭疽芽孢杆菌有利于土壤碱度和环境中高钙水平的观察证据与促进细菌生长，存活，毒素分泌和孢子形成的生理条件有关;说明了将基于实验室的（受控）微生物学实验纳入人畜共患病生态学研究的实用性。

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