Introduction: High noise exposure during critical periods in gestation is a potential stressor that may result in increased risk of implantation failure, dysregulation of placentation or decrease of uterine blood flow. This paper systematically reviews published evidence on associations between reproductive outcomes and occupational and environmental noise exposure. Methods: The Web of Science, PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched for papers published between 1970 to June 2014 and via colleagues. We included 14 epidemiological studies related to occupational noise exposure and nine epidemiological studies related to environmental noise exposure. There was some evidence for associations between occupational noise exposure and low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age, either independently or together with other occupational risk factors. Five of six epidemiologic studies, including the two largest studies, found significant associations between lower birthweight and higher noise exposure. There were few studies on other outcomes and study design issues may have led to bias in assessments in some studies. Conclusions: There is evidence for associations between noise exposure and adverse reproductive outcomes from animal studies. Few studies in have been conducted in humans but there is some suggestive evidence of adverse associations with environmental noise from both occupational and epidemiological studies, especially for low birthweight.
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机译：简介：妊娠关键时期的高噪声暴露是潜在的压力源，可能导致植入失败，胎盘异常或子宫血流减少的风险增加。本文系统地综述了已发表的有关生殖结局与职业和环境噪声暴露之间关系的证据。方法：在Web of Science，PubMed和Embase电子数据库中搜索1970年至2014年6月之间以及通过同事发表的论文。我们纳入了14项与职业噪声暴露相关的流行病学研究和9项与环境噪声暴露相关的流行病学研究。有证据表明，职业噪声暴露与低出生体重，早产和胎龄小之间存在关联，这些关联可以独立存在，也可以与其他职业危险因素一起存在。六项流行病学研究中的五项，包括两项规模最大的研究，发现出生体重降低与噪声暴露增加之间存在显着关联。关于其他结果的研究很少，研究设计问题可能导致某些研究的评估存在偏差。结论：有证据表明，动物研究表明噪声暴露与不良生殖结果之间存在关联。在人类中进行的研究很少，但是有一些暗示性的证据表明职业和流行病学研究尤其是低出生体重与环境噪声有不良关联。
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