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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control
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“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control

机译：“看后院的篱笆”：住户和蚊子控制

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(1) Background: Vector-borne diseases are a significant public health problem in Western Australia. Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of a number of pathogens and may pose a serious nuisance problem. Prevention efforts in the State are multi-faceted and include physical, chemical, and cultural control methods for restricting mosquito breeding. This is less complex where breeding areas are located within public open spaces. In Australia’s developed urban areas, breeding sites are, however, frequently located within private residential landholdings, where the scope of public health officials to act is constrained by law and practicality. Consequently, mosquito prevention in these locations is predominantly the responsibility of the residents. This research addressed a gap, both in understanding the degree to which “backyard” mosquito breeding has the potential to contribute to local mosquito problems, and in assessing what residents “think and do” about mosquito control within their home environment. (2) Methods: The study was conducted in the Town of Bassendean, a metropolitan Local Government Area of Perth, Western Australia, in close proximity to two natural, productive mosquito breeding sites, namely Ashfield Flats and Bindaring Park. A total of 150 householders were randomly surveyed during the summer of 2015–2016, to gauge residents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) Survey) in regards to mosquitoes, their breeding and ecology, and avoidance or minimization strategies. The survey comprised nine questions covering residents’ knowledge (3 questions), attitudes (3 questions), and practices (3 questions), as well as additional questions regarding the basic demographics of the resident. Larvae were collected from backyard containers and reared to adults for species identification. A series of Encephalitis Vector Surveillance carbon dioxide (EVS CO 2 ) traps were also deployed, to assess adult mosquito density and species composition. (3) Results: Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse), a known container-inhabiting species, accounted for just over 50% of all mosquitoes identified. Most residents were aware of mosquito-borne disease and its risk in their local area. While the majority (79%) of the sample correctly identified Ross River virus as the most common infection in WA, a significant gap in the general knowledge of residents in regards to mosquito biology and breeding habits, was noted. Furthermore, only 50% of residents reported using personal protective measures to reduce mosquito bites and only one in six residents undertook physical or chemical mosquito control around their home. Additionally, 60% of respondents believed that mosquito control was “a job for the council and the state government”, rather than for individual householders. (4) Conclusions: A significant gap in the knowledge of residents in the study area existed in regards to the general knowledge of mosquitoes and their breeding habits; types of treatments that could be employed within the home; and the residents’ responsibility for the management of mosquito breeding on their private property. A public education campaign has been deployed to educate the residents.
机译：（1）背景：媒介传播疾病是西澳大利亚州的重要公共卫生问题。蚊子负责多种病原体的传播，并可能造成严重的滋扰问题。该州的预防工作是多方面的，包括限制蚊子繁殖的物理，化学和文化控制方法。如果繁殖区位于公共开放空间内，则情况就不那么复杂了。然而，在澳大利亚发达的城市地区，繁殖场所通常位于私人住宅土地内，在那里公共卫生官员的行动范围受到法律和实用性的限制。因此，在这些地方预防蚊子是居民的主要责任。这项研究解决了一个空白，既可以理解“后院”蚊子繁殖在多大程度上可能导致当地蚊子问题，也可以评估居民在家庭环境中对蚊子控制的“想法与行动”。 （2）方法：这项研究是在西澳大利亚州珀斯市政府所在地巴森第安镇进行的，该镇紧邻两个自然，生产性强的蚊子繁殖场，即阿什菲尔德平地和宾达林公园。在2015-2016年夏季，总共对150户家庭进行了随机调查，以评估居民在蚊子，蚊子的繁殖和生态以及避免情况方面的知识，态度和习惯（KAP（知识，态度和习惯）调查）。或最小化策略。该调查包括9个问题，涉及居民的知识（3个问题），态度（3个问题）和实践（3个问题），以及有关居民基本人口统计的其他问题。从后院的容器中收集幼虫，并养育成虫以进行种类鉴定。还部署了一系列脑炎媒介监测二氧化碳（EVS CO 2）捕集阱，以评估成蚊的密度和物种组成。 （3）结果：已知的容器栖息物种伊蚊（Sedus）占已鉴定蚊子的50％以上。大多数居民都知道蚊子传播的疾病及其在当地的风险。虽然大多数样本（79％）正确地将罗斯河病毒确定为西澳州最常见的感染，但注意到居民在蚊子生物学和繁殖习性方面的常识存在很大差距。此外，只有50％的居民报告说已采取个人防护措施来减少蚊虫叮咬，并且只有六分之一的居民在其家中进行了物理或化学灭蚊。此外，60％的受访者认为，控制蚊子是“议会和州政府的工作”，而不是单个家庭。 （4）结论：在蚊子的一般知识及其繁殖习性方面，研究区居民的知识存在很大差距;可以在家庭中使用的治疗类型;以及居民在其私有财产中管理蚊子繁殖的责任。已经开展了一项公共教育运动，以教育居民。

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