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Biomarkers of Immunotoxicity for Environmental and Public Health Research

机译：用于环境和公共卫生研究的免疫毒性生物标志物

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The immune response plays an important role in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases including asthma, autoimmunity and cancer. Application of biomarkers of immunotoxicity in epidemiology studies and human clinical trials can improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the associations between environmental exposures and development of these immune-mediated diseases. Immunological biomarkers currently used in environmental health studies include detection of key components of innate and adaptive immunity (e.g., complement, immunoglobulin and cell subsets) as well as functional responses and activation of key immune cells. The use of high-throughput assays, including flow cytometry, Luminex, and Multi-spot cytokine detection methods can further provide quantitative analysis of immune effects. Due to the complexity and redundancy of the immune response, an integrated assessment of several components of the immune responses is needed. The rapidly expanding field of immunoinformatics will also aid in the synthesis of the vast amount of data being generated. This review discusses and provides examples of how the identification and development of immunological biomarkers for use in studies of environmental exposures and immune-mediated disorders can be achieved.
机译：免疫反应在包括哮喘，自身免疫和癌症在内的多种疾病的病理生理中起着重要作用。免疫毒性生物标志物在流行病学研究和人类临床试验中的应用可以增进我们对环境暴露与这些免疫介导疾病发展之间关系的基础的理解。目前在环境健康研究中使用的免疫生物标记包括检测先天性和适应性免疫的关键成分（例如补体，免疫球蛋白和细胞亚群）以及功能性反应和关键免疫细胞的激活。使用高通量检测，包括流式细胞仪，Luminex和多点细胞因子检测方法，可以进一步提供免疫效果的定量分析。由于免疫应答的复杂性和冗余性，需要对免疫应答的几个组成部分进行综合评估。免疫信息学领域的迅速发展也将有助于合成正在生成的大量数据。这篇综述讨论并提供了如何实现用于环境暴露和免疫介导的疾病研究的免疫生物标记物的鉴定和开发的实例。

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